Mental and emotional health Mr. Le’s Health Class

Objectives Identify factors that influence your self-concept Develop skills to build your self esteem Identify emotions and appropriate coping skills Identify stress Skills to manage stress in your life Identify stages in the grief reaction Identify mental disorders Recognizing and combating against violence and abuse

Who are you Self-esteem – the way you feel about yourself and how you value yourself. Resilience – the ability to bounce back from disappointment. Self Concept – the view you have of yourself. Personality – the unique combination of feelings, thoughts, and behaviors that make you different from everyone else.

Expressing emotions Anxiety – is a state of uneasiness, usually associated with a future uncertainty. Fear can be negative or positive Mixed emotions – opposite or different feelings that occur at once Emotional needs – needs that affect your feelings and sense of well- being.

What is Stress? Stress is natural and everyone experiences it. Stress – the reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands. Perception – the act of becoming aware through the senses.

What Causes Stress? Stressor – anything that causes stress Five General Categories Biological Stressors Environmental Stressors Cognitive or Thinking Stressors Personal Behavior Stressors Life Situation Stressors

The Body’s Response to Stress Nervous System and Endocrine System are the two systems that are active during the stress response. Response is autonomic /involuntary. Three stage response 3 Types: positive/negative/eustress

3 Phases of Stress Alarm Phase- High alert Resistance Phase- Body reacts Fatigue Phase- Post r esponse Physical Psychological Pathological

Stress and Your Health Health Pyramid Effects: high blood pressure, anxious, relationships, unable to perform duties Physical- tired muscles Psychological- mental/emotional, Pathological – immune system Personal causes of stress = life events Daily Hassles = time, responsibilities, conflicts Physical Stressors injury, abuse

Think, Pair, Share Evaluate the different stressors in your life. What is an example of good stressor you have and a bad stressor in your life? What do you do to manage your bad stressors and who could you go to for help?

Control stress before it is too late Chronic Stress – stress associated with long term problems that are beyond a persons control. Strategies for controlling the effects of stress: Engage in a physical activity Look for support Relaxing hobby Avoid using tobacco, alcohol

Stress Management Techniques Stress-Management Skills – skills that help an individual handle stress in a healthful, effective way. Relaxation Response – a state of calm that can be reached if one or more relaxation techniques are practiced regularly.

What are Mental disorders? Mental Disorder: an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing him/her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life. Stigma: a negative label or a mark of shame. Mental illnesses require medical attention just as any other medical condition.

Mental disorders in the U.S. 1/3 of individuals in the U.S.A. will have at least one psychiatric disorder during their lifetime 20% of adults will suffer from one or more psychiatric disorder during a 6 month period *anxiety/depression

Two Types of Depression Depression – prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness and sadness. Major Depression A medical condition Severe and lasts longer Can develop from reactive depression or is a chemical imbalance in the brain Reactive Depression Response to a stressful event Eventually goes away as a person finds a way to cope with the response to the event. Protective Factors – conditions that shield individuals from the negative consequences of exposure to risk.

Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorder: condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control. Can be classified into four main types. Phobias Obsessive Compulsive Disorders Panic disorders Post-traumatic stress disorders

Phobia A phobia is a strong and irrational fear of something specific

Obsessive-compulsive disorder A person with this disorder is trapped in a pattern of repeated thoughts or behaviors.

Panic Disorder A person with this disorder has a sudden, unexplained feelings of terror. Symptoms Trembling Pounding Heart Shortness of Breath Dizziness

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder A condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event that threatened or caused physical harm. Symptoms include…… Flashbacks Nightmares Emotional numbness Sleeplessness Guilt Problems with concentration

Mood Disorders Mood Disorder – an illness, often with an organic cause, that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living.

Bipolar Disorder Also known as : Manic – depressive disorder Characterized by the following traits Extreme mood changes Extreme energy levels Extreme behaviors

Eating Disorders Psychological pressures, possible genetic factors, and obsessions with body image and thinness can lead to an eating disorder. Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorder Anorexia Nervosa

Conduct Disorders Conduct Disorder – a pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated.

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality. Symptoms include: Delusions Hallucinations Thought Disorders Difficulty Understanding Reality Unpredictable Behavior

Personality Disorders Alienation – feeling isolated and separated from everyone else. Suicide – the act of intentionally taking one’s own life. Antisocial Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder Passive-aggressive personality disorder

Helping Others When you are with someone who appears to be suicidal, show you care by the following steps….. Initiate a meaningful conversation Show support and ask questions Try to persuade the person to seek help Therapy: Psychotherapy Behavior Cognitive Group Biomedical

Expressions of Grief Grief – the sorrow caused by loss of a loved one Grief Reaction – the process of dealing with strong feelings following any loss. Coping – dealing successfully with difficult changes in your life. 1.Denial/Numbness 2.Anger/Emotional Release 3.Bargaining 4.Depression/Remorse 5.Acceptance/Hope

Your protective factors These protective factors decrease the likelihood of violence and harm to self or others. Factors: Individual Family Community Peer/School

What are schools doing? Peer Mediation – a process in which trained students help other students find fair ways to resolve conflict and settle their differences. Schools have procedures and policies to ensure the safety of students

Think, Pair, Share Evaluate the different cause of violence or detrimental acts in your society. What are some current detrimental issues in our society/community today? What action can be taken to help resolve or relieve these areas of concern?

violence Assailant – a person who commits a violent act against another. Weapon Availability Some common causes of violence and deliberate injury include the following… Need to control others Way of expressing anger Prejudice – an unfair opinion or judgment of a particular group of people. Retaliation

Bullying and Hazing Bullying – the act of seeking power or attention through the psychological, emotional, cyber, verbal or physical abuse of another person. Sexual Harassment – uninvited and unwelcome sexual conduct directed at another person. Hazing – including someone through an initiation process that can be abusive.

Gang – a group of people who associate with one another to take part in criminal activity. Building a safe community involves everybody to play their part

Assault and Homicide Assault – an unlawful attack on a person with the intent to harm or kill. Abuse - the physical, mental/emotional, or sexual mistreatment of one person by Homicide – the willful killing of one human being by another. Domestic Violence- a pattern of behavior used to establish power and control over another person through fear and intimidation, often including the threat or use of violence

Protection Body Language Self-Defense Violence – is the threatened or actual use of physical force or power to harm another person or to damage property. The three C’S- Communicate, Collaborate, Commitment Be Assertive Protect Others