2. Mental Some disorders are genetic or caused by something psychological (functional) and some are due to injury (organic) Good Mental/Emotional health demonstrate the following characteristics Positive self-esteem Sense of belonging Sense of purpose Positive Outlook Autonomy

3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Physical Safety Belonging Feeling Recognized Reaching Potential

4. Maslow Physical- satisfy basic needs hunger, thirst, shelter Safety- secure from danger Belonging- need to love and be loved Feeling recognized- need to achieve and recognized Reaching potential- self-actualization-striving to become the best you can

5. Personality Personality is influenced by environment and heredity You have most control over behavior Does our personality play a role in our mental/emotional health? Positive strategies for expressing needs, wants, and feelings will help you choose behaviors that improve health Assertive- standing up for your rights and beliefs in firm but positive way What’s a non-threatening way to be assertive?

6. Personality You have three personality disorders: Antisocial disorder- people are irritable, aggressive, impulsive, and violent, unable to show remorse Borderline disorder- frequently experience a series of troubled relationships, engage in high risk activities, poor self-esteem, Passive-aggressive disorder- uncooperative, resent being told what to do but rely on others direction, show anger indirectly,

7. Emotions Emotions- signals that tell your mind and body how to react Hormones are what cause these affects to take place What are some examples of emotions? Happiness, sadness, love, empathy, fear, guilt, anger Manage emotions by: Taking slow deep breaths Relaxing Writing in a journal Playing music Talking things over with a trusted adult

8. Defense Mechanisms Defense Mechanisms- mental processes that protect individuals from strong or stressful emotions and situations Ex: Repression-involuntary pushing of unpleasant feeling out of conscious thought Ex: Suppression-conscious pushing of unpleasantness from ones mind Ex: Rationalization-Making excuses instead of taking responsibility Ex: Regression-Reverting to an earlier stage of life instead of dealing with problem in mature manner

9. Defense Mechanisms Ex: Denial- unconscious lack of acknowledgement of something that is obvious to others Ex: Compensation- making up for weaknesses and mistakes through gift-giving or hard work Ex: Projection- Attributing your own feelings or faults to another person or group Ex: Idealization-Seeing someone else as perfect, ideal, or more worthy than everyone else

10. Stress Stress- reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands Causes of stress: Biological stressor- such as illness, disabilities, or injuries Environmental Stressor- such as poverty, pollution, crowding, noise, or natural disasters Cognitive or thinking stressors- way you perceive a situation or how it affects you and the world around you Personal behavior stressors- negative reactions in the body and mind caused by using tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs or by a lack of physical activity Life situation stressors- death of a pet, separation or divorce of parents, having trouble in relationships with peers

11. Stress Body’s stress response is broken down into three parts and uses two main body systems which are the endocrine and nervous 1 st stage is the alarm stage which is also known as the fight-or-flight response; uses hormone adrenaline 2 nd stage is resistance which is where your body actually fights or flights 3 rd stage is fatigue which is what occurs to your body once the stress is gone

12. Stress Physical effects of health: headache, asthma, high blood pressure, weakened immune system, nausea, dizziness Psychological effects of health: difficulty concentrating, mood swings, poor judgment, seeing only negative, memory problems

13. Stress management skills and techniques Use refusal skills Plan ahead Get adequate sleep Get regular physical activity Eat nutritious food Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs Redirect your energy Relax and laugh Keep positive outlook Seek out support Express your self http://www.learn360.com/ShowVideo.aspx?ID=129937

14. Depression Two types of depression: Reactive-response to stressful event, last longer than the blues but goes away Major- medical condition requiring treatment, may develop from reactive depression or result of a chemical imbalance in the brain Major is a mood disorder also known as clinical depression Affects ability to concentrate, sleep, perform at school or work, handle everyday challenges and decisions

15. Anxiety Anxiety disorders- condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control, EX: Phobia- strong irrational fear of something specific, maybe unable to live normal life Obsessive-compulsive disorder- trapped in a pattern of repeated thoughts or behaviors Panic disorder- sudden unexplained feeling of terror, symptoms such as trembling, pounding heart, shortness of breath or dizziness, fear and anxiety get in way of enjoying life, occur anytime Post-traumatic stress disorder- condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event that threatened or caused physical harm, symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, numbness, sleeplessness, guilt

16. Mood Disorders Mood disorder- illness often with an organic cause that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living EX: Clinical depression Bipolar disorder- also known as manic depressive, marked by extreme mood changes, energy levels, and behavior

17. Eating disorder Psychological pressures, genetic factors, and obsession with body image can lead too Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Binge eating These are all real, treatable medical illnesses Other complications include heart problems and kidney failure

18. Other Disorders Conduct disorder- a pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated; more common among males, low self-esteem, lying, threatening, violence, unable to adapt to adulthood if not treated Schizophrenia- severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, symptoms delusions, hallucinations, caused by genetics or chemical or structural change in brain, appear between age 15 and 35, have difficulty understanding difference between real and imaginary

19. Suicide Suicide- act of intentionally taking one’s own life Warning signs: Direct statement-I want to die, I don’t want to live anymore, Indirect statement- Soon the pain will be over, they will be sorry when I’m gone, Nonverbal-with drawl from friends, bizarre behavior, deterioration in work, substance abuse All talk about suicide must be taken serious even if you think they are joking Cluster suicide- a series of suicides occurring within a short period of time and involving several people in the same school or community; can result from pacts or in response to another suicide

20. Available help Psychiatrist-physician who treats mental disorder and prescribes medicine Neurologist- treats organic disorders of brain and nervous system Clinical psychologist-diagnoses and treats emotional and behavioral disorders with counseling Counselor-help people with personal and educational matters Psychiatric social worker-provides guidance and treatment in facilities or through agencies School psychologist-specializes in problems in school children

21. Therapy Methods Psychotherapy Behavior therapy Cognitive therapy Group therapy Biomedical therapy