1. Unit 3: Mental/Emotional Health
Mental/Emotional Problems
Mental Disorder - an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person.

2. People are reluctant to seek treatment for mental/emotional problems because of:
• Embarrassment or shame
• Stigma or a negative label
• Misconceptions and stereotypes

3. Classifications of Mental Disorders
Organic Disorder
It is caused by a physical
illness or an injury that
affects the brain.
Possible causes:
Brain tumors
Infections
Chemical imbalances
Exposure to drugs and toxins
Injuries resulting in brain damage
Functional Disorder
It has a psychological cause
and does not involve brain
damage.
Possible causes:
Heredity
Stress
Emotional conflict
Fear
Ineffective coping skills
Disturbing events in childhood or in the recent past

4. Anxiety Disorder is a condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control.
Types :
General Anxiety
Phobias
Obsessive-compulsive disorders
Panic disorders
Post-traumatic stress disorders

5. General Anxiety - the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen all the time.
Symptoms:
Feelings of fear or wanting perfection
Perspiration, restlessness, or muscle tension
Rapid heart rate, lightheadedness, or shortness
of breath
Difficulty sleeping

6. Phobia- a strong and irrational fear of something specific.
People with phobias try to avoid what they are afraid of. If they cannot, they may experience:
Panic and fear
Rapid heartbeat
Shortness of breath
Trembling
A strong desire to get away

7. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive refers to persistent, recurrent, and unwanted thoughts that prevent people from attending to normal daily activities.
Compulsive refers to repeated, irresistible behaviors.

8. Panic Disorder Sudden, unexplained feelings of terror.
These panic attacks may occur at any time or place, but most are triggered by a particular object, condition, or situation.
Symptoms include trembling, pounding heart, shortness of breath, and dizziness.

9. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
May develop after the exposure to a terrifying event that threatened or caused physical harm.

11. Mood Disorder
An illness that is organic by nature that affects your mind with extreme moods, and interferes with daily activities.

12. Depression - a prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness.
Symptoms:
An irritable or restless mood
Withdrawal from friends and activities
A change in appetite or weight
Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
A sense of hopelessness

13. 2 Types of Depression Reactive Depression Medical condition
Major (clinical) Depression
Medical condition
More serious
It may result from a chemical imbalance in the brain or a genetic tendency.
Reactive Depression
It is a response to a stressful event.
It eventually goes away as the person finds a way to manage his or her response to the event.

14. Mood Disorders
Bipolar Disorder - extreme mood swings from depression to mania. Bipolar disorder is very serious and can cause risky behavior, even suicidal tendencies.
During a Manic Phase:
Tend to feel euphoric
May believe they can accomplish anything
Inflated self-esteem
Agitation
Reduced need for sleep
Being more talkative
Being easily distracted
Sense of racing thoughts

15. Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating
Possible Causes:
Psychological Pressures
Possible Genetic Factors
Obsession with body image and thinness

16. Conduct Disorders – a pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated.
Individuals who act out their impulses toward others

17. Schizophrenia - a severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality.
Symptoms:
Delusions
Hallucinations
Thought disorders
Paranoia

18. Personality Disorders People afflicted with Personality Disorders think and behave in ways that make it difficult for them to get along with others.
Passive - Aggressive - often
uncooperative. They resent being told what to do, yet they rely on others’ direction.
They are angry over issues of control.

19. 2. Borderline - long-term patterns of unstable or turbulent emotions, such as feelings about themselves and others.
Often uncertain about their identity. As a result, their interests and values may change rapidly.
These inner experiences often cause them to take impulsive actions and have chaotic relationships.

20. 3. Antisocial - tend to be irritable, aggressive, impulsive, and violent.
A person with antisocial personality disorder may:
Be able to act witty and charming
Be good at flattery and manipulating other people's emotions
Break the law repeatedly
Disregard the safety of self and others
Have problems with substance abuse
Lie, steal, and fight often
Not show guilt or remorse
Often be angry or arrogant

21. Why Do People Feel Suicidal?
Suicide Prevention
Why Do People Feel Suicidal?
Challenges, responsibilities, and troubling life events can seem overwhelming.
Some people try to escape their pain through suicide.
This emotional overload can lead to depression or alienation.

22. Suicide Risk Factors Depression or other mental disorders
Alcohol or drug abuse
History of physical or sexual abuse
History of other suicide attempts
Family history of emotional disorders or suicides

23. Teen Suicide: Recognizing the Warning Signs:

24. How You Can Help Prevent Suicide
Whether it is done in a serious casual or even humorous way S/he should be taken seriously.
Recognize the warning signs of suicide.
Never bargain with someone who is thinking about suicide.
Seek adult assistance immediately
Initiate a meaningful conversation.
Emphasize the suicide is not the answer
Try to persuade the person to seek help.

25. Cluster Suicides - a series of suicides occurring within a short period of time and involving several people in the same school or community.
A result of pacts or agreements between two or more people to take part in suicide.
Others result when individuals commit suicide in response to the suicide of a friend or a suicide that has been sensationalized in the media.

26. When to Seek Help for Mental/Emotional Problems
Mental Disorders are serious and require medical attention just as other illnesses do.
When to Seek Help for Mental/Emotional Problems
The Key is Awareness:
You feel trapped with no way out, or you worry all the time.
Your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits, school work, job performance, or relationships.
You are becoming involved with alcohol or other drugs.
You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent, or reckless.

27. Mental Health Professionals
Psychiatrists
Psychologists
School psychologists
Social Workers
Counselors
Crisis hot lines

28. Commonly Used Therapy Methods
Psychotherapy – ongoing dialogue between a patient and a mental health professional.

29. Cognitive Therapy – designed to identify and correct distorted thinking patterns
Behavior Therapy – focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through rewards and reinforcements.

30. Group Therapy – treating a group of people who have similar mental disorders.
Biomedical Therapy –
use of certain medications
to treat or reduce symptoms
of mental disorders.

31. Grief Response - an individual’s total response to a major loss
Grief Response - an individual’s total response to a major loss. Mourning – the act of showing sorrow or grief.

32. The Stages of the Grieving Process :
DENIAL
EMOTIONAL RELEASES
ANGER
BARGAINING
DEPRESSION
REMORSE
ACCEPTANCE - Your goal
HOPE can be experienced during any of these stages

33. Coping With Crisis or Disaster
Spend time with other people, and discuss your feelings.
Get back to daily routines as quickly as possible.
Eat nutritious foods, exercise, and get enough rest and sleep.
Do something with your community to help with the crisis.