1. Mental Disorders
CHAPTER 4

2. NC Healthful Living Standards
9. MEH.2 Create help seeking strategies for depression and mental disorders
9.2.1 Identify causes and symptoms of depression and mental disorders
9.2.2 Design useful help-seeking strategies for depression and mental disorders

3. Mental Disorders
Mental disorder –an illness of the mind that can affect thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing them from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life
Require medical diagnosis and treatment
1 in 4 Americans affected
Can be identified by their symptoms
Stigma –a mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected

4. Anxiety
Anxiety – the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen
Occasional anxiety is normal
Use stress management techniques to help cope

5. Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders – conditions in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control
Disorder
Symptoms
Phobia
A strong, irrational fear of something specific, such as heights or social situations.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Persistent thoughts, fears, or urges (obsessions) leading to uncontrollable repetitive behaviors (compulsions). For example, the fear of germs leads to constant hand washing.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
A condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, emotional numbness, guilt, sleeplessness, and problems concentrating.
Panic Disorder
Attacks of sudden, unexplained feelings of terror. “Panic attacks” are accompanied by trembling, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, or dizziness.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Exaggerated worry and tension for no reason. People with GAD startle easily and have difficulty concentrating, relaxing, and sleeping.

6. Impulse Control Disorders
Impulse Control Disorders – class of psychiatric disorders where one cannot resist the urge to hurt themselves or others
Impulse Control Disorders
Symptoms
Kleptomania
Unplanned theft
Pyromania
Setting fire to release tension
Cutting
Repetitive cutting on body that can be hidden
Excessive gambling
Continuing to gamble and spend money one doesn't have

7. Eating disorders
Eating Disorders – extreme, harmful eating behaviors that can cause serious illness or death
Disorder
Symptoms
Anorexia
Starving self, exercise excessive, weighing self constantly, counting calories
Bulimia
cycles of overeating and purging, goes to bathroom right after eating,
Binge Eating
Unable to control eating, hides food

8. Mood Disorders
Mood Disorder – an illness that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living
Disorder
Symptoms
Bipolar
Extreme mood changes, energy changes and behavior
Depression
Persistent sad mood; loss of interest in activities; no energy; significant change in appearance, weight, behavior; or sleep habits; apathetic, thoughts of suicide;

9. Depression
Depression – a prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness
Serious condition that is treatable
Caused by physical, social, or psychological reasons
Treatments – medication, talking to counselor, making changes at home/ school

10. Conduct Disorder
Conduct disorder – patterns of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated
Truancy, stealing, arson, vandalism, aggression, lying, cruelty

11. Personality Disorder
Personality Disorders - having a rigid and unhealthy pattern of thinking, functioning and behaving. A person with a personality disorder has trouble perceiving and relating to situations and people.
Symptoms vary for each but can include unpredictable behavior, delusions, hallucinations
This causes significant problems and limitations in relationships, social activities, work and school.
Examples – Schizophrenia, Antisocial personality disorder borderline personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder

12. Help seeking strategies
Teens should seek help if:
Feeling trapped or worried all the time
Feelings affect sleep, eating habits, school work, job performance, or relationships
Becoming involved in drugs or alcohol
Becoming increasingly aggressive, violent or reckless

13. Help seeking strategies
Acknowledging/ recognizing there is a problem
Get help from people in community – parent, guardian, teacher, coach, counselor
Seek therapy
Keep in mind - Asking for help shows inner strength and responsibility for one’s own wellness.

14. Types of therapy
Drug Therapy - The use of certain medications to treat or reduce the symptoms of a mental disorder
Psychotherapy - An ongoing dialogue between a patient and a mental health professional
Behavior therapy - A treatment process that focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through rewards and reinforcements
Cognitive Therapy - A treatment method designed to identify and correct distorted thinking patterns that can lead to feelings and behaviors that may be troublesome, self-defeating, or self-destructive
Group Therapy - Treating a group of people who have similar problems and who meet regularly with a trained counselor.
Family therapy - Treatment that focuses on helping the family function in more positive and constructive ways by exploring patterns in communication and providing support and education