Do you experience sadness, anxiety, and fear? Mental Disorders How long do these feelings usually last?

Mental Disorders 20 percent of the U.S. population— 54 million people—are affected by some form of mental disorder Fewer than 8 million people with mental disorders actually seek treatment. Of the 20 percent of children and adolescents who suffer from mental health problems, only one-third receive the help they need. What Are Mental Disorders?

People are reluctant to seek treatment for mental/emotional problems because of: Embarrassment or shame. Stigma or a negative label. Misconceptions and stereotypes. Many mental and emotional disturbances involve imbalances in brain chemistry and require medical attention. Seeking Treatment for Mental Disorders What Are Mental Disorders?

Anxiety Disorders People with anxiety disorders often arrange their lives to avoid situations that make them feel anxious or fearful. There are four main types of anxiety disorders: 1.Phobias 2.Obsessive-compulsive disorders 3.Panic disorders 4.Post-traumatic stress disorders Types of Mental Disorders

A phobia is a strong and irrational fear of something specific. People with phobias: Do everything they can to avoid the object of their fear. May be unable to live a normal life. May remain prisoners in their own homes. Phobia Types of Mental Disorders

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) A person with obsessive-compulsive disorder is trapped in a pattern of repeated thoughts or behaviors. Obsessive refers to persistent, recurrent, and unwanted thoughts that prevent people from attending to normal daily activities. Compulsive refers to repeated, irresistible behaviors. Types of Mental Disorders

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Types of Mental Disorders

Panic Disorder A person with a panic disorder has sudden, unexplained feelings of terror. Types of Mental Disorders

Panic Disorder These panic attacks may occur at any time or place, but most are triggered by a particular object, condition, or situation. Symptoms include: trembling pounding heart shortness of breath dizziness. Types of Mental Disorders

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is common after a personal assault, natural or human-made disasters, accidents, and military combat. Symptoms: Flashbacks nightmares emotional numbness sleeplessness guilt. It may arise weeks or months after the event that caused it. Types of Mental Disorders

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Between the years of 2000 and 2012, the Army diagnosed 76,176 soldiers with post-traumatic stress disorder, otherwise known as PTSD. Types of Mental Disorders

Mood Disorders The emotional swings of a mood disorder are extreme in both intensity and duration. Types of Mental Disorders

Two Types of Mood Disorders Clinical Depression Types of Mental Disorders Clinical depression affects a person’s ability to: Concentrate. Sleep. Perform at school or work. Handle everyday decisions and challenges. Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or despair last for more than a few weeks and interfere with daily interests and activities.

Two Types of Mood Disorders Bipolar disorder: formerly called manic depression, causes extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). Bipolar Disorder Types of Mental Disorders

Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is very serious and can cause risky behavior, even suicidal tendencies, and can be treated with therapy and medication.

Factors that can lead to an eating disorder are: Psychological pressures. Possible genetic factors. Obsession with body image and thinness. Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorders Types of Mental Disorders

Factors that can lead to an eating disorder are: Psychological pressures. Possible genetic factors. Obsession with body image and thinness. Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorders Types of Mental Disorders

A person who suffers from an eating disorder can experience a wide range of physical health complications, including: Serious heart conditions. Kidney failure, which may lead to death. It is therefore critical that a person with an eating disorder get help immediately. Physical Health Complications of Eating Disorders Types of Mental Disorders

Psychotic disorders Psychotic disorders involve distorted awareness and thinking. Two of the most common symptoms of psychotic disorders are Hallucinations: the experience of images or sounds that are not real, such as hearing voices. Delusions: which are false fixed beliefs that the ill person accepts as true, despite evidence to the contrary. Types of Mental Disorders

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality. Symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders. Causes: may be a combination of genetic factors and chemical and structural changes in the brain. Types of Mental Disorders

Personality refers to an individual’s unique traits and behavior patterns. People afflicted with these disorders think and behave in ways that make it difficult for them to get along with others. Types of Mental Disorders Personality Disorders

Life can be difficult for everyone at times. Suicide Prevention With adequate help and support, people suffering from mental and emotional problems can often find new purpose and happiness. ChallengesResponsibilities Pressures Emotional Overload Alienation

This emotional overload can lead to depression or alienation. Why Do People Feel Suicidal? Some people try to escape their pain through suicide. Challenges, responsibilities, and troubling life events can seem overwhelming. Suicide Prevention

Some Risk Factors That May Lead to Suicide Depression or other mental disorders Alcohol or drug abuse History of physical or sexual abuse History of other suicide attempts Family history of emotional disorders or suicides Suicide Risk Factors

Teen Suicide: Recognizing the Warning Signs Suicide Risk Factors

Multiple Suicides Sometimes within a teen population, cluster suicides occur. Some cluster suicides are the result of pacts or agreements between two or more people to take part in suicide. Others result when individuals commit suicide in response to the suicide of a friend or a suicide that has been sensationalized in the media. Strategies to Prevent Suicide

How You Can Help Prevent Suicide Recognize the warning signs of suicide. Take seriously any talk about committing suicide. Never bargain with someone who is thinking about suicide. Show concern and empathy. Strategies to Prevent Suicide

You feel trapped with no way out, or you worry all the time. Your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits, school work, job performance, or relationships. Your family or friends express concern about your behavior. You are becoming involved with alcohol or other drugs. You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent, or reckless. When to Seek Help for Mental or Emotional Problems Knowing When to Get Help

Methods for Seeking Help There are many people who are willing and eager to assist people with critical mental health issues: Parents or guardians School psychologists Counselors Coaches Clergy members Crisis hot lines Signs That Professional Help Is Needed

Loss is an important part of life. It is always difficult and painful to lose someone. Learning to cope with grief is an important part of human development. Understanding Death and Grief

Losses Experienced in Life Missing a chance to play in a championship game because of an injury. Failing to get the grade you needed on an important exam. Experiencing rejection. Breakup of a relationship. Death of a pet, friend, or family member. Feeling the loss of whatever—or whomever— you left behind when moving or changing schools. Different Kinds of Loss

When a loss occurs, it is common and natural to experience a grief response. The way a person responds to loss is unique to the situation and to the individual. Grief Response Expressions of Grief

The grieving process occurs during the grief response. The purpose of this process is to reach closure, or acceptance of a loss. The stages of grief reflect a variety of reactions that may occur as people work through the process. The Grieving Process Expressions of Grief

Stages of Grief Denial/Numbness Emotional Releases Anger Bargaining Depression Remorse Acceptance Hope Expressions of Grief

Some Ways of Coping with Death Allow some time to reflect on who you were before the loss. Focus on what you were able to do in the relationship. Remember the wonderful things about the person. Reach closure by seeking support from others. Coping with Death

Support from family and friends is important during mourning. You can help by: Showing empathy or just being there to listen. Sharing your memories and appreciation of the person who is gone. Talking about experiences and memories. Helping Others Through the Grieving Process Coping with Death

Seeing a counselor or therapist who specializes in grief can help people through the grieving process. These specialists often can be found through community mental health services, such as hospices. Grief Counseling Coping with Death

Coping Mechanisms Using effective coping mechanisms can ease the process of recovery from traumatic or sudden events. Spend time with other people, and discuss your feelings. Get back to daily routines as quickly as possible. Eat nutritious foods, exercise, and get enough rest and sleep. Do something positive to help your community through the event. Coping with Disasters and Crises