Diversity of Life 121. Evolution Quiz 122. Evolution Notebook check starts 5/9 123. Classification Notes 4/29 and 5/2 124. Dichotomous Key 4/29 and 5/2 125. Prokaryotic VS. Eukaryotic 126. Kingdoms and Domains 127. Classification Review due 5/9 and 5/10 128. Diversity of Life Foldable Rubric 129. Plants 130. Plant Reproduction

Classification #123

How many species are there???? Taxonomy = classification of organisms in different categories based on characteristics How many species are there???? Carolus Linnaeus: proposed a taxonomic hierarchy to categorize organisms Human Wolf Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primata Carnivora Family Hominidae Canidae Genus Homo Canis Species sapiens lupus

Who is most related?

King Philip Came Over For Great Soup

Binomial nomenclature = naming system uses two Latin names coming from hierarchy: Genus species Scientific name for Humans = Homo sapiens SPECIES NAME GENUS NAME

Why do we classify life? To understand adaptive radiation (branching evolution on cladograms)

Scientific name game Lutra lutra Felis catus Ursa horribilis Dionaea muscipula Panthera pardus Apis mellifera Canis familiaris Equus caballus Agkistrodon contortrix Toxicodendron radicans Streptococcus pyogenes Canis latrans Orcinus orca Rana catesbeiana Cat Copperhead snake Poison Ivy Coyote Horse Killer whale Otter Dog Bullfrog Honeybee Grizzly Bear Venus Fly-Trap Strep-throat-causing Bacteria Leopard

Dichotomous Key A device that can be used to easily identify an unknown organism.  Comes from two Greek words that mean "divided in two parts“ Gives you two choices in each step.

1. a. Has pointed ears .............................................. go to 3 b. Has rounded ears .............................................go to 2 2. a. Has no tail ........................................Norno Kentuckyus b. Has tail ....................................................Norno Dakotus 3. a. Ears point upward ............................................go to 5 b. Ears point downward .......................................go to 4 4. a. Engages in waving behavior ......................Norno Dallus b. Has hairy tufts on ears .........................Norno Californius 5. a. Engages in waving behavior ................Norno WalaWala b. Does not engage in waving behavior ................go to 6 6. a. Has hair on head ...................................Norno Beverlus b. Has no hair on head (may have ear tufts) ......go to 7 7. a. Has a tail .................................................Norno Yorkio b. Has no tail, aggressive ..................................Norno Rajus

Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic #125 Make a VENN diagram Pg 173 in text

The Tree of life evolves… Kingdoms and Domains #126 The Tree of life evolves…

The three-domain system A new taxonomic category Domains are more-inclusive than kingdoms Bacteria – unicellular, prokaryotic, very diverse Archaea – unicellular, prokaryotic, live in extreme environments Eukarya – consists of all organisms whose cells contain a nucleus

6 Kingdoms of Life Animalia Plantae Fungi Protista Archaebacteria Eubacteria = contain eukaryotic cells = prokaryotic cell

FUNGI Eubacteria ANIMALIA PLANTAE PROTISTA Domain Cell Type Cell Wall Archaebacteria PROTISTA FUNGI PLANTAE ANIMALIA Domain Cell Type Cell Wall Present Cell Wall Content # of Cells Mode of Nutrition Examples

Classification Review #127 4 parts….

Part 1: Part 2: Look at page 467 in your textbook. Write the answers to the questions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Part 3: Use Chapter 18.3 Review In which domain would you classify the following organism: autotrophic, no nucleus, has peptidoglycan in its cells walls? How many cells do Archaea organisms have? What makes fungi different from protists? What sets Animalia apart from all other kingdoms? Which kingdom is most closely related to plants? Which kingdom is the “least satisfying classification?” Why? Why was the original bacteria kingdom of Monera divided into 2 separate kingdoms? Which two kingdoms contain organisms that are non-motile (unable to move from place to place)? As the only prokaryotic kingdoms, how Eubacteria and Archaebacteria differ from the other 4 kingdoms? Which 2 kingdoms only includes heterotrophs? Part 4: Look at page 463 in your textbook. Identify the leaves using the given dichotomous key. I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII.

Diversity of Life ARTHROPODS ANNELIDS BACTERIA VS. VIRUSES PROTISTS VERTEBRATE ANIMALS PLANTS (on back) #128 Foldable Rubric

3 Animal Body Types

PLANTS #129 Provide base for food chains Provide oxygen Multi-cellular Eukaryotes Contain cell walls made of cellulose Autotrophic (contain chloroplasts) 2 Main Divisons Vascular – contain tissues that carry water/food through plant Non-vascular – no vascular tubes, rely on diffusion, live near water, small, short PLANTS #129

Special plant structures Vascular Tissue = carry materials Xylem = carries water through plant Phloem = carries food/nutrients through plant Leaves – make food Roots – absorb water and nutrients from soil Stems – supports plant; connects leaves and roots Seeds – created when pollen fertilizes ovule; protect developing embryo

4 groups of PLANTS Mosses – seedless, non-vascular (Bryophytes) Ferns – seedless, reproduce using spores, vascular Gymnosperms –produce seeds on CONES, vascular Angiosperms – flowering plants, vascular Produce seeds INSIDE the plant FLOWERS = Reproductive organs Seeds are protected by OVARY (becomes the fruit)

Reproduction Reproduce asexually vegetative propagation: new individuals arise without production of seeds or spores Or mainly sexually using pollen and ovules Alternation of generations Sporophyte – diploid plant, makes haploid spores by meiosis Gametophyte – haploid plant, makes gametes (pollen or ovule) which will fuse to make new sporophyte See drawing on board!

PLANT reproduction #130 Plant Reproduction Video Use Page 6 for Reproductive Structures Label next slide with name & function. 1. Peduncle: attaches stem to flower 2. Receptacle: expanded flower stalk 3. Sepals 4. Petals

Label the reproductive parts of the flower and list the function of each

Practice Questions 1 Carpel? Sepal? Stamen? Peduncle?

Where is pollen made?? 2 Stigma? Sepal? Anther? Ovary?

Where is the ovule (egg) found in the flower? 3 Petals? Style? Nectar? Ovary?

4 Filament? Style? Stigma? Anther?

5 Filament? Style? Stigma? Anther?