How does talking work? What are different types of speech?

Speech communication is a process and cannot occur with a singular person.  Talking to yourself is NOT communication  Public speaking and conversations are not the same types of communication

Difference between Public Speaking & Conversations  PS is more highly structured  PS is a more formal process  PS requires a different method of delivery  Public Speakers do not necessarily receive immediate feedback. They must however, interpret nonverbal cues.

Components of the Speech Communication Process: the process through which meaning is crafted, sustained and communicated 1. Speaker: the person presenting an oral message to the listener 2. Message: whatever the speaker conveys to the auditors 3. Listener/Auditor: the person(s) receiving the message 4. Frame of Reference : the sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values and attitudes 5. Feedback: the messages, usually nonverbal, that are sent from the listener to the speaker 6. Interference : anything that effects the reception of the speaker’s message (Internal or External to the listener) 7. Situation : time and place in which the communication occurs

When a crafting a speech…  You should keep all of these components in mind:  Will I as a speaker be ready to speak?  Is my message prepared?  How will auditors receive it?  What types of nonverbal cues should I watch for?  What might interfere?  Where will I be speaking?

Organization: there are different ways to organize a speech  Chronologically: follow a time pattern  Spatially: directional pattern  Cause and Effect: first point explains a situation or idea and the following points enumerate the effects or results of the initial point  Problem and Solution: first points explain a dilemma or issue while the others propose or reject manners in which to resolve the problem  Topical: a main topic is subdivided into smaller supporting topics

After you choose your focus for your Speech of Introduction, you must decide how to organize it.

Your introduction to ANY speech should :  1. State and establish the importance of your topic  2. Have a clear thesis that clearly conveys your thesis  3. Establish your credibility… (how?)  4. Preview the rest of your speech

Within the body you need examples and evidence that…  Prove the importance of the topic  Startle or interest the audience  Arouse curiosity

You also must have a conclusion… It should…  Signal to the audience that you are about to end the speech  Reinforce the audience’s understanding of the thesis  Do NOT say “In conclusion…”

Let’s look at the rubric and requirements for your first speech:  Go to Sharepoint and download the rubric for the “Speech of Self Introduction”