1. Public Speaking Foundations
Content based on Lucas’ The Art of Public Speaking.
The visuals are available for purchase at
Public Speaking at Park University

2. Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation
 Organizing thoughts logically
Tailoring the message to the audience
Telling a story for maximum impact
Adapting to listener feedback
Public Speaking at Park University

3. Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation
Public speaking is more highly structured
Public speaking requires more formal language
Public speaking requires a different method of delivery
Public Speaking at Park University

4. JFK Speech on Secret Societies and Freedom of the Press 5 min
Public Speaking at Park University

5. Public Speaking at Park University
Model of The Speech Communication Process, which contains the following:
Speaker (You)
Message (Impromptu or planned speech)
Channel (sound, sight, smell, touch, taste)
Listener (Audience, also you)
Feedback (Nonverbal responses, question and answer period)
Interference (Distractions that are internal or external)
Situation (Context, occasion)
Public Speaking at Park University

6. Frame of reference is everything in communication!
How does the sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes affect the role of speaker or listener?
Why do we need to remember that everything a speaker says is filtered through a listener’s frame of reference?
Can two people can have exactly the same frame of reference?
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7. Public Speaking Concepts
Feedback
The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker.
Interference
Anything that impedes the communication of a message.
Situation
The time and place in which speech communication occurs.
Stage Fright
Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience.
Public Speaking at Park University

8. What are guidelines to ensure ethical speaking?
Make sure your goals are ethically sound
Be fully prepared for each speech
Be honest in what you say
Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language
Put ethical principles into practice
Do you think one side is right and one is wrong? Based on your experience, do you disagree with the information in your textbook or other course materials? What is the rationale for your position?
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9. Public Speaking at Park University
Nervousness Is Normal
Your body is responding by producing extra adrenaline, a hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress. 
Positive Nervousness
Controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for her or his presentation.
Visualization
Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation.
Public Speaking at Park University

10. 5-minute Talk or Write How can you reducing speech anxiety?
Acquire speaking experience
Prepare, prepare, prepare
Think positively
Use the power of visualization
Know that most nervousness is not visible
Don’t expect perfection
Public Speaking at Park University

11. Public Speaking at Park University
Critical Thinking
Focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion.
Public Speaking at Park University

12. Why are these concepts important in public speaking?
Ethnocentrism
The belief that one’s own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.
Ethics
The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.
Public Speaking at Park University

13. 5 Minute Talk or Write: Ethical Decisions
How can you weigh a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines?
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14. Unethical: Name-Calling
The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.
Speech at the White House Correspondent's Dinner (2006) p1
8 min  
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15. Public Speaking at Park University
Unethical:
Plagiarism is presenting another person’s language or ideas as one’s own.
Cite all sources quoted.
Cite all sources paraphrased.
Family Guy Steals From Simpsons ( Part 1 of 2 )
4 min -
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16. Unethical Public Speaking
Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one’s own.
Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one’s own.
Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people.
Public Speaking at Park University

17. Plagiarism and the Internet
Cite sources when using Internet materials
Take careful research notes
Use high quality sources, such as those from the government or educational institution
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18. Guidelines for Ethical Listening
Be courteous and attentive
Avoid prejudging the speaker
Maintain the free and open expression of ideas
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19. Public Speaking at Park University
End
Public Speaking at Park University

20. Why Practice Public Speaking?
To learn to manage your nervousness.
To improve your skills.
To broaden your experiences.
To improve your ability to think on your feet.
To increase your flexibility and adaptation to the audience.
Research says public speaking practice of all kinds WORKS!
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21. Public Speaking at Park University
Radio Speech 
Write a statement in which you strongly believe. Pretend you are calling in to a radio talk show and make your statement. Either the teacher or a student can role-play the talk show announcer.
Make sure you have a clear voice to convey your message.
Public Speaking at Park University