1. Different settings for communication
Informal: most of our comm. occurs in informal settings, which are casual, unstructured situations.
Comm. is usually spontaneous [you think about what to say as you go along, and then you say it].
Examples:
Formal: situations you can prepare for ahead of time
These situations allow you to affect the ideas and feelings of people in important positions.
Informal Ex: talking w/ family/friends; introducing people; giving instructions; talking on the phone; asking for directions; giving and receiving info in class.
Formal: job/college interviews; group discussions; public speaking; debate & parliamentary procedure; electronic communication (radio, TV, video = mass communication)

2. Communication
Communication the process of sharing information by using symbols to send and receive messages.
We will mainly be discussing interpersonal communication (between two or more people).
Message: the ideas and feelings that make up the content of communication.

3. The Communication Process
MESSAGE
Verbal and Nonverbal
SENDER RECEIVER
The Communication Process
FEEDBACK
Verbal and Nonverbal

4. Types of Communication:
1. One on one- two people having a conversation.
Examples?
2. Group- involves three or more people for a common purpose.
Purposes? Examples?
3. Public- one or more people communicate with an audience. This is necessarily more formal.
4. Mass media—one person or perhaps several senders communicate with a large number of listeners. Usually these listeners are not physically present when the sending takes place so the receiver can “turn off” the sender at will.

5. Your Audience
To be an effective communicator, you must adapt to the needs of your audience.
In formal situations, learn something about them before giving the speech.
In informal situations/settings, you learn about them as you communicate w/ them.
What to look for…
Individual characteristics – personality, aspirations, interests; can help predict response to certain info
Cultural characteristics – age, religion, national and ethnic background; can focus your presentation in such a way that the audience will understand and respond favorably to your message.
Sociological characteristics – affiliations, educational background, and occupations; can formulate general ideas about your listeners.

6. Decoding: finding the meaning of verbal and nonverbal symbols.
Speech Communication getting the meaning of thoughts one person has in his or her mind into the mind of another as clearly and accurately as possible by transmitting words with voices.
To do so successfully, you must decide how to send and interpret messages.
Encoding: The process of turning ideas and feelings into verbal and nonverbal symbols.
Decoding: finding the meaning of verbal and nonverbal symbols.

7. Body – organize your speech logically.
How to plan a speech
Grabber – begin with a strong statement or question that will make your audience interested in what you have to say.
Body – organize your speech logically.
Closing – end with a strong statement that brings your speech to a close. End on a high note.

8. Preparing a Speech I. Introduction II. Discussion/Body III. Conclusion
Attention getter
State your topic
Give your viewpoint
II. Discussion/Body
Organize main points
Personalize your speech
Use vivid language
III. Conclusion
Indicate the end of the speech
(cue your ending)
Summarize
Leave a lasting impression

9. Ways to Deliver a speech
Extemporaneous method: speakers prepare outlines of the ideas of their speeches beforehand, but do not memorize an exact pattern of words. Outlines or note cards may be used. Impromptu method: when people must speak “off the cuff” with no preparation time.
Manuscript method: write down everything you plan to say, then bring your manuscript to the podium and read to the audience. Memorization method: begins with a written manuscript, but differs in that the manuscript is memorized and not used during the delivery.