Chapter 18 section 1 Origins of the Cold War.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 18 section 1 Origins of the Cold War

What is the Cold War? State of hostility, without direct military conflict that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II

Where is the beef? Communist: State controls economic activity Soviet Union United States Communist: State controls economic activity Totalitarian government Allies with Hitler at one point Capitalist: Private citizens control the economy Voting elected a President and congress Kept atomic bomb secret

Aims in Europe (Pg. 604) Soviets Wanted The United States Wanted Encourage communism in other countries as part of the worldwide struggle between workers and the wealthy Rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern Europe’s industrial equipment and raw materials Control Eastern Europe to balance US influence in Western Europe Keep Germany divided and weak so that it would never threaten the Soviet Union Create a new world order in which all nations had the right of self-determination Gain access to raw materials and markets for its industries Rebuild European governments to ensure stability and to create new markets for American goods Reunite Germany believing that Europe would be more secure if Germany were productive

Leader of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin (aka Big Joe) Doesn’t let Poland have democratic elections Establishes satellite nations : Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania Poland He also states that “communism and capitalism were incompatible and another war is inevitable”

Gives 400 million to Greece and Turkey to resist a communist takeover Truman Responds Truman Doctrine: “It must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressure” Gives 400 million to Greece and Turkey to resist a communist takeover

Marshall Plan Post World War 2 Europe was dealing with fuel and food shortages and people living in refugee camps. The Marshall Plan gave 13 Billion in aid.

The Berlin Airlift Berlin was split by four countries. The Soviet Unit had a blockade which wouldn’t let food or supplies in. The United States dropped 2.3 billions in supplies, in a total of 277,000 flights. This lasted 327 days until Russia lifted the blockade

NATO The Berlin Blockade increased Western European fear of Soviets. So NATO expanded to include: Belgium Iceland Italy Great Britain Luxemburg France Denmark Netherlands Norway Portugal