High and Late Middle Ages

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Presentation transcript:

High and Late Middle Ages Ch. 8 1050 – 1450 AD

The Holy Roman Empire and the Church Chapter 8, Section 2 The Holy Roman Empire and the Church

The Holy Roman Empire (HRE) Otto I (Otto The Great) 962 AD King of Germany Remember Charlemagne? Otto the Great becomes Emperor in a similar way Stops a rebellion of Roman nobles First to take title of Holy Roman Emperor

King Henry IV vs. Pope Gregory VII Henry IV is crowned King of Germany after Otto, then becomes the Holy Roman Emperor Pope Gregory VII ends the practice of lay investiture Only the Pope could appoint bishops in office Henry argued that because bishops were often his vassals, he should be able to appoint them to office Pope excommunicates him, Henry repents to get his throne back Henry marches to Rome sending Pope into exile Compromise means? It did exactly that

King Henry IV vs. Pope Gregory VII This disagreement goes on for 50 more years Concordat of Worms Compromise The Pope still appointed bishops The emperor could still grant them fiefs and have them as vassals By limiting the power of the emperor, the Church’s political power grew to its height Compromise means? It did exactly that

Meanwhile in Italy Between 1100s and 1200s, Germany tried to control Northern Italian towns Frederick Barbarossa 1155 AD Wants Control of Wealthy Northern Italy Lombard League Formed (Pope/N. Italy) Family Intermarries with heirs to Southern Italy and Sicily Frederick II - Grandson of Barbarossa fails as well to control Italy What does this do to Germany? German Emperors and Popes continue to fight over control of Italy This means that Germany is neglected Germany doesn’t become a nation like France and England until 600 years after them