1. The Clash over Italy and Germany Ch 4 Sec 5

2. The Holy Roman Empire Feudal Lords elected Otto I Worked to built a strong Kingdom Moved on Italy. Pope needed help and asked Otto. Crowned emperor of the Romans.  This area was called the Holy Roman Empire.

3. Henry III Ruled at the height of imperial power. Viewed church as a branch of the imperial government. Church was to support the king on all matters. He did this by choosing the Pope

4. Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII Henry came to power at the age of 5. German princes and Pope saw this as the opportunity to gain some power back. Pope Gregory thought that rulers and ordinary people were subject to the will of the church. Pope also got ride of Lay Investiture. Henry didn’t like this. Pope excommunicated Henry.  Henry came to Pope for mercy.  Imperial Submission.

5. Frederick Barbarossa Fred sought to gain more land in Italy. Area known as Lombardy had grown independent of imperial control. Fred invaded Pope formed the Lombardy League.  They defeated Fred and States remained somewhat independent.

6. Pope Innocent III Strongest of the Medieval Popes. Emperor and kings were servants to the Pope. He felt he had the power to settle all religious and political problems. Used the power of excommunication to settle disputes.  Helped him to create a church power.