1. Middle Ages P

2. Kings 3 major countries- England, France, Holy Roman Empire
England and France- inherit throne
Holy Roman Empire- elected by nobles and approved by Pope

4. Pope Spiritual power Political power Head of Christian Church
God’s representative on Earth
Decides what the church will teach
Bull (letter)- explains religious teachings and outlines policy
Punish those who go against the Church
excommunication
Political power
Live like royalty in huge palaces
Vassals
Conflict with kings

5. Pope Leo IX
1049- argue that St. Peter was 1st Pope and leader of the whole church so should he.
Bishops in E. Europe have no guidance from pope so don’t listen.
1054 Leo excommunicates bishops who then form Eastern Orthodox Church

6. Pope Gregory VII
Argue with Emperor Henry IV of the Holy Roman Empire over who should select bishops
Henry convinces bishops to remove Gregory as pope
Pope excommunicates Henry and calls for the nobles to overthrow Henry
Henry asks for forgiveness
Pope more powerful than king
1122- compromise-pope chooses bishops and abbots but they must obey the king

7. Pope Leo vs Emperor Henry