1. “Age of Faith” AD

2. Monasteries in the Middle Ages
St. Benedict – “Benedictine Rule” of
Poverty
chastity
obedience
became a stable force in times of warfare

3. Monasteries in the Middle Ages
schools for the children of the upper class.
inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war

4. Monasteries in the Middle Ages
library & scriptorium to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.  
monks were missionaries to the barbarians.

5. Monasteries
Church became its own state ranking members based on status (Pope, bishop, priest)
People of all classes went to church to reach salvation

6. Monasteries All followed Canon law or church law
popes used excommunication to overpower political rulers.
Also used interdict which banned certain religious sacraments from being performed in the king’s land.

7. Holy Roman Empire ( )  
Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne first Holy Roman Emperor in 800, which led to future conflicts between popes and emperors
After the death of Charlemagne the Holy Roman Empire was the strongest kingdom that arose from the ruins of his empire (Frankish Empire)

8. Otto I (Otto the Great) 936-973
most effective ruler of Medieval Germany
Crowned King of Germans in 936
Copied Charlemagne’s policies
as his power grew so did his bond with the Church, which he used to control his empire
Pope crowned Otto - Holy Roman Emperor in 962 
Otto’s Holy Roman Empire Lasted from  

9. Lay Investiture Controversy (church vs. kings)
lay investiture - Kings and nobles appointed church officials, mainly bishops

10. Lay Investiture Controversy (church vs. kings)
In 1075 Pope Gregory VII banned Lay Investiture 
Emperor Henry IV declared Gregory “a false monk” and called for a new pope 
Gregory excommunicated Henry 

11. Lay Investiture Controversy (church vs. kings)
In 1077 Henry traveled to Canossa to ask for forgiveness. Henry stood in the snow barefoot for 3 days until Gregory gave in. 

12. Lay Investiture Controversy (church vs. kings)
In 1122, the Concordat of Worms settled the Lay Investiture Controversy. The church would name bishops but the emperor had veto power. 

13. Frederick Barbarossa 1152-1190
First to call his land the Holy Roman Empire
Brutal Ruler – many enemies including the pope who united with other under the Lombard League

14. Frederick I (Barbarossa) 1152-1190
1176, the Battle of Legnano- Frederick and his army lose to the Lombard League (supported by the Pope
The church and German Kings would continue to fight for power for 100s of years to follow. 

15. For what might these two Knights of Lombard League be looking?
Frederick Barbarossa’s Body (he didn’t die)

16. Map #1 - Directions: - Use the map on textbook page 334 to answer the following questions.
How many states made up the Holy Roman Empire?
What challenge(s) could a Holy Roman Emperor face?
How does the location of the Papal States make them an easy target for frequent invasions?
Compare this map (pg 334) to the map on page How is the Holy Roman Empire different from Charlemagne's empire?

17. Map #2 - Directions: - Use the map below to answer the following questions.
(5) What two forms of Christianity were found in Europe in 1000? (6) What was the main religion of Southern Spain? (7) What areas of the Latin Church were bordered by Pagan lands? (8) What cities were the leaders of the two Christian Religions?