The Cold War. What is a “Cold War?” Ideological conflict between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during the second half.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cold War

What is a “Cold War?” Ideological conflict between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during the second half of the 20th century A state of political tension and military rivalry between nations that stops short of full-scale war

Separate Ideologies and Goals U.S. Capitalist and Democratic USSR: Communist and Totalitarian U.S. wants democracies in Eastern Europe USSR wants to extend control

United Nations Created June, 1945: 50 nations sign UN Charter Intended to promote peace Used by US and USSR as a tool Spread influence

United Nations building—New York

United Nations Flag

Potsdam Conference July, 1945: US, Britain, and USSR meet USSR controls Eastern European land Taken from Nazis during WWII Stalin had promised free elections Poland, Hungary, etc. in Eastern Europe He backs out of his promise

Puppet Governments in E. Europe Stalin sets up puppets Albania, Czech, Hungary, Romania, Poland Countries become satellite nations Controlled by USSR USSR creates an “Iron Curtain” Draped over Eastern Europe

Harry S. Truman (33 rd President)

Truman President Truman gives aid to Europe Truman Doctrine: Support free people in resisting communism Aid to countries (Turkey, Greece, etc.) Containment: Prevention of communist expansion

George Marshall

Marshall Plan (1947) Western Europe ruined after WWII Destruction, starvation, bad winters Threat of communism US spends 13 billion in aid 100 Billion in today’s dollars Rebuilds W. Europe

Berlin Airlift Germany cut into four sections US, USSR, Britain, France Berlin in Soviet section Stalin cuts off city (Blockade) US/British drop food into West Berlin Lasts 327 days, 277,000 flights

Berlin Airlift

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Western Europe/US create alliance 12 nations Attack on one is an attack on all USSR creates Warsaw Pact Alliance of puppet governments

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