Communication Words make-up for 7 % Vocal elements 38% Nonverbal elements 55% 93% of our communication is without words

One-way vs. Two-way Communications Two-Way Communication - the communicator & receiver interact Good for problem solving One-Way Communication - a person sends a message to another person and no questions, feedback, or interaction follow Good for giving simple directions Fast but often less accurate than 2-way communication 10

Barriers to Communication Communication Barriers - factors that block or significantly distort successful communication Physical separation Status differences Gender differences Cultural diversity Language 23 12 23

Nonverbal Communication: The power of silence In many daily interactions we do not have the privilege of knowing ahead of time what the other person’s context is. We do not know exactly how they feel? Or what they are trying to communicate? But we may have some kind of idea based on nonverbal actions. Understanding nonverbal communication is not always simple. The person you are trying to read may have other variables involved and assuming you can understand them can lead to frustration. In order for us to best be able to communicate with people we need to understand what nonverbal communication is and how do we use it? This will help you to become better communicators and feel more confident when interpreting nonverbal cues

Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Communication - all elements of communication that do not involve words Five basic types Proxemics Kinesics Haptics Artifactual Paralanguage 18

Use of space in a given situation Proxemics Use of space in a given situation Intimate- 6 to 18 in. Personal- 1 ½ to 3 ft. Social- 3 to 5 ft. Public- 10 or more feet Depends on situation and relation between people Example on the bus and with little kids

Proxemics: Seating Dynamics Seating Dynamics - seating people in certain positions according to the person’s purpose in communication Cooperation X O X Communication O Competition X O Non- Communication O X O 20

Kinesics Bodily movement Eye contact Facial expression Posture and bearing Gesture Express emotion and feelings. Seven universal body language expression (What do you think they are?): Happiness, Sadness, Boredom, Fear, Anger, Surprise and Disgust. During part of my cross-cultural travels, I have seen each of these non verbal expressions true and consistent. Gestures- emblems (verbal translation) and illustrators (not) Emblem- shaking head or nodding meaning yes or no (Can you think of any other?) Illustrators- example of Ukraine Gestures are very different in other cultures (head wobble, okay, thumbs up)

Haptics & Artifactuals Haptics- sense of touch Artifactual- artifacts made or manipulated by other people Haptics- Social/polite, Friendship/warmth, Love/intimacy (Hand shake) Artifactual- hairstyles, clothing, jewelry, use of color, space decoration and design Activity- handout (put names on paper/read instructions/do not expect you to remember all the technical terms already, but make sure you are make observations and be descriptive) Discuss what they observed

Paralanguage Variations in speech, such as pitch, loudness, tempo, tone, duration, laughing, & crying

Examples of Decoding Nonverbal Cues He’s unapproachable! He’s angry! I’ll stay out of his way! Boss breathes heavily & waves arms Boss fails to acknowledge employee’s greeting My opinion doesn’t count I wonder what he’s hiding? No eye contact while communicating Manager sighs deeply SOURCE: Adapted from “Steps to Better Listening” by C. Hamilton and B. H. Kleiner. Copyright © February 1987. Reprinted with permission, Personnel Journal, all rights reserved. 21

Miscommunication When your words do not match your nonverbal communication Wrong choice of words Speaking before thinking

Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kc2yRqat7q8 https://vimeo.com/155179623

Leadership I want you tonight to observe at least 2 different interactions or conversations between two or more people. Each observation needs to be at least 10 minutes long (the longer the better). You can observe your family, friends, or complete strangers. Record your observations (like you did with the video in class) on what types of nonverbal communications you observed, and what that might mean about the relationship or interaction. Make sure to log your observations by including: Who the interaction was between (man, woman, etc.)? When? Where? And how long? Come prepared tomorrow to discuss your observations 13.3 Demonstrate communication skills that contribute to positive relationships. 13.3.1 Analyze communication styles and their effects on relationships. 13.3.2 Demonstrate verbal and nonverbal behaviors and attitudes that contribute to effective communication.