1. Non-verbal communication
Frida Gardberg

2. Non-verbal communication
Introduction to non-verbal communication
Comparing verbal and non-verbal communication
The universal use of non-verbal communication
Non-verbal codes

3. Introduction to non-verbal communication
in communication with others only 30 % of the communication is verbal, 70 % is non-verbal
non-verbal communication involves gestures, facial expressions, eye contact …
our non-verbal behaviour is mostly subconscious

4. Comparing verbal and non-verbal communication
both are symbolic, communicate meaning and are patterned
all societies have different non-verbal languages
the non-verbal communication is more than just body language; the use of time and personal space, our voice etc.

5. Comparing verbal and non-verbal communication
non-verbal communication is learnt through relations with others
non-verbal behaviours can reinforce, substitute for or contradict verbal behaviour
we often trust our non-verbal behaviour to reveal our true feelings

6. The universal use of non-verbal communication
there is some universality in non-verbal communication, especially in facial expressions
six basic emotions are communicated by facial expressions in much the same way in most societies:
happiness, sadness, disgust, fear, anger and surprise
but what causes the non-verbal behaviours can vary
there are also variations in the rules for non-verbal behaviour

7. Non-verbal codes PROXEMICS
how people use personal space; to keep someone at the right distance
contact cultures and non-contact cultures
KINESIC BEHAVIOUR
body posture, hand gestures, facial expressions and eye contact
CHRONEMICS
the use of time
M-time (Monochronic) and P-time (Polychronic)

8. Non-verbal codes SILENCE the use of silence in conversations HAPTICS
the use of touching
high-touch cultures and low-touch cultures
VOCAL CUES
rate, pitch, loudness, articulation, tone, accent, pronunciation etc.
ARTEFACTS
things, objects, decorations etc.

9. Conclusion
misunderstandings can be avoided if we are aware of and understand our cultural differences
non-verbal communication changes also constantly

10. And always remember:
the more we know of other cultures, the greater the possibility is of a successful communication!

11. Thank you for listening!