Identify the part of speech for each word in these sentences  She placed the aluminum pot on the red-hot burner and left it.  Ouch! Dorothy shouldn’t have touched the extremely hot burner.

 She placed the aluminum pot on the red-hot burner and left it. She pronoun (subject) placed verb thearticle/adjective aluminum adjective pot noun on preposition (on the red-hot burner = prepositional phrase) the article red-hotadjective burnernoun (object of preposition on) andcoordinating conjunction left verb itpronoun (object of verb left)

 Ouch! Dorothy shouldn’t have touched the extremely hot burner. Ouchinterjection Dorothyproper noun (subject) should have touchedverb notadverb thearticle/adjective extremelyadverb hotadjective burnernoun – object of verb

Fragments, Run-Ons and Parallel Structure Review

 A sentence contains a subject and a verb. It can stand alone and it must make sense.  The class is studying.  Subject = class  Verb = is studying  She sings.  Subject = she  Verb = sings  Sing!  Subject = [you]  Verb = sing

1. It has a subject and a verb but it begins with a subordinate word such as because, as, although, since, if Example:  Because economies and world markets are becoming increasingly mixed. Canadian businesses work with many countries. If the clause is at the beginning of the sentence, add a, and join it to a relevant main clause.  Because economies and world markets are becoming increasingly mixed, Canadian businesses work with many countries. If the clause is at end of the sentence do not add a,  Canadian businesses work with many countries because economies and world markets are becoming increasingly mixed.

2. It does not contain a subject or a verb but a nearby sentence completes it  In the spring of every year. We go to New York.  In the spring of every year, we go to New York. Or it’s an afterthought We go to New York. In the spring of every year. We go to New York in the spring of every year.

3. It starts with a relative pronoun (that, which, who)  Cell phones connect friends. Which is a precious thing to Canadians.  Cell phones connect friends which is a precious thing to Canadians who travel.

4. It starts with a noun followed by a who, which or that clause  The visiting executive who was struggling with his luggage. Asked for help.  The visiting executive who was struggling with his luggage asked for help.

5. It is a “ing” phrase  Wanting to succeed. She went to NSCC.  Wanting to succeed, she went to NSCC. Or 6. A “to” phrase  To get to the other side. She went around the wall.  To get to the other side, she went around the wall.

1. Comma Splice  Two independent clauses are joined by a comma but this punctuation is not strong enough. 2. Fused Sentence  Independent clauses are joined together without conjunctions or punctuation. In both, the reader can get confused and understanding is difficult

I got up late this morning, I didn't have time for breakfast.

1. Change it into an independent clause plus a dependent clause using a subordinate conjunction (see next page) *Subordinate conjunctions or a relative pronoun Relative Pronoun*Subordinate conjunctionsRelative Pronoun  Because I got up late this morning, I didn't have time for breakfast.  I got up late this morning which left me no time for breakfast. 2. Change the punctuation to a stronger one – comma to semi-colon, dash, colon or period  I got up late this morning; I didn't have time for breakfast.

 after  since  whether  although  so  that  which  as  supposing  while  because  than  who  before  that  next  where  now  whoever  even  unless  why  even  though  until  if  what  how  when  just as  whenever  whereas  once  wherever How to fix it!

 that  who  whom  whose  which  where  when  Why How to fix it!

3. Make the clauses into two separate sentences.  I got up late this morning. I didn't have time for breakfast. 4. Place a comma and a coordinating conjunction Coordinating Conjunctions between two clauses.Coordinating Conjunctions  I got up late this morning, and I didn't have time for breakfast.

 FANBOYS  for  and  nor  but  or  yet  So How to fix it!

 Parallelism = balance  Words, phrases or clauses start with the same grammatical form  Parallel  We plan to hike in the mountains, to swim in the lakes and to dance under the stars.

 If we don’t try very hard to find the source of that error in our computer program.  Karla is sleeping in class today because she stayed up late. Doing her homework.  A few people arrived early, realizing that the available seating was not sufficient to accommodate the expected crowd.  The speaker captivated his audience. A man of great wit and wisdom.  He works at the garage. And at the bank.  She always turns red whenever someone smiles at her or paying her a compliment.  Biking, talk to friends and to eat pizza are some of my favourite things to do.  I believe in you because you are loyal, dedicated, and keep my secrets.

 If we don’t try very hard to find the source of that error in our computer program, it could get much worse.  Karla is sleeping in class today because she stayed up late doing her homework.  A few people arrived early, and realized that the available seating was insufficient to accommodate the expected crowd.  The speaker, a man of great wit and wisdom, captivated his audience.  He works at the garage and at the bank.  She always turns red whenever someone smiles at her or pays her a compliment.  Biking, talking to friends and eating pizza are some of my favourite things to do.  I believe in your because you are loyal, dedicated, and trustworthy.