Two Superpowers Face Off

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Presentation transcript:

Two Superpowers Face Off

Former Allies The US & Soviet Union were upset with each other because Stalin signed a nonaggression pact with Hitler in 1939 and Stalin blamed the Allies for delaying their invasion until 1944. 50 countries joined the UN. Permanent members of the Security Council wereBritain, China, France, the US, and Soviet Union.

United States Soviet Union Encourage democracy in other countries to help prevent the rise of Communist governments Encourage communism in other countries as part of a worldwide workers’ revolution Gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel booming industries Rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern Europe’s industrial equipment and raw materials. Rebuild European governments to promote stability and create new markets for American goods Control Eastern Europe to protect Soviet borders and balance the US influence in Western Europe Reunite Germany to stabilize it and increase the security of Europe Keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again

USSR The Eastern European nations surrounding the USSR served as a buffer, or wall of protection. When Stalin refused to allow free elections he declared that communism & capitalism could not exist in the same world. The iron curtain represented Europe’s division between Western (democratic) and Eastern (communist) Europe.

Soviet Expansion Containment – a policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and preventing the expansion of communism. Truman’s support for countries that rejected communism was called the Truman Doctrine. The Marshall Plan provided food, machines, and other materials to help revitalize Europe’s economy.

Berlin The Soviet Union held West Berlin hostage because they hoped it would frighten Western countries. America & Britain flew food and supplies into the city and dropped them in for 11 months.

Divided War NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization – ten Western European nations joined the US and Canada to form a defensive military alliance. Warsaw Pact – Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, & Albania

Divided World The H-bomb was developed and it was stronger than the A-bomb. Brinkmanship – the US’s willingness to go to the brink of war ICBM – Intercontinental Ballistic Missile – weapons able to travel across continents Sputnik 1 – First satellite launched into space by the USSR U-2 – America’s spy planes

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