1. Cold War: Superpowers Face Off
Chapter 17-1

3. Vocabulary 1947-1991 United Nations Iron Curtain Containment
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Cold War
NATO
Warsaw Pact
Brinksmanship

5. Allies Become Enemies
U.S. and USSR alliance starts to unravel before WWII ends
U.S. mad that Stalin signed non-aggression pact
Stalin mad at Allies for not invading Europe sooner

6. Yalta Conference
U.S., Britain, and Soviet Union met in Feb 1945 and decided to divide Germany into 4 occupied zones
U.S.
France
Britain
USSR

8. Creation of UN
June nations formed the United Nations in San Francisco
United Nations: International Peace keeping organization
Five Permanent Members with veto power
U.S
France
Great Britain
China
Soviet Union

10. U.S. versus USSR Goals
U.S. left the war strong, USSR left weak and mad
Communism versus Capitalism
Capitalism: economic system where the means of production are controlled by individuals for profit.
Communism: Means of production are owned by everyone.

12. USSR
Goal to protect their country from any future invasion and spread Communism
Eastern Europe was that buffer
Collection of communist states
Iron Curtain Speech-Churchill in the U.S.
Represents Europe’s division into Democratic Western states and Communist Eastern Europe

16. U.S. Tries to Contain Soviets
U.S. foreign policy of Containment: Policy geared towards stopping the expansion of Communism. Helping countries resist Communism
Truman Doctrine: Financial support for countries resisting Communism
Marshall Plan: Financial support for Western European countries to re build
Also prevented Communism from becoming popular

17. The Berlin Airlift The City of Berlin was divided into West and East.
The West was surrounded by Soviet controlled Germany
Stalin cut off access to supplies
U.S. and GB flew supplies into West Berlin for almost a year to keep them fed and supplied
Stalin lifts embargo

20. Cold War Divides the World
Small conflicts combined to be what we call the Cold War
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Alliance of U.S., Canada, Britain and many others to come to each others aid if attacked
Warsaw Pact: created in response to NATO by the Communist countries

22. Threat of Nuclear War 1949 Soviet Union exploded their first bomb
Arms race: the race to have more weapons than the other side.
Brinksmanship: The willingness to to go to the brink or edge of war and the politics associated with that.
ICBM: Intercontinental Ballistic Missile used to push the war into space
Space Race

25. U-2 CIA put spy planes high in the skies above the USSR
One was caught in 1960
Francis Gary Powers was caught and exchanged after a few years for a Soviet Spy
Heightened Cold War tensions
U.S. denied spying but was caught red handed

28. Assessment
What were Stalin’s motives in supporting Communist governments in Eastern Europe?
Why might Berlin be a likely spot for trouble to develop during the Cold War
What factors help to explain why the U.S. and the Soviet Union became rivals instead of allies?