Chapter 8 Section 1 Royal Power Grows.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 8 Section 1 Royal Power Grows

1000 AD – 1300 AD High Middle Ages > power shifted from the nobility and Church to the monarchs/kings Started to centralize power & create nation-states Regions that share a govt. & are independent of other states

English Kings Strengthen Their Power King Edward dies > fight over throne > Harold vs William William Duke of Normandy (France) Wins Battle of Hastings > becomes King of England > 1066 Accomplishments Census taken > Domesday Book > leads to efficient tax collection > treasury Expands royal power > lords swore allegiance Blending of Norman French & Anglo-Saxon customs

English Kings Strengthen Their Power Henry II Creates unified legal system Common law > applies to all of England unlike feudal laws of the past Developed a jury system Fought with the Church over issue of legal authority Clergy to be tried in royal courts Tomb > St. Thomas Becket

Evolving Traditions of Government English rulers continued to clash with nobles & the Church King John Lost lands in France to Philip II Excommunicated by Pope Innocent III > also > England under interdict Forced to give in to pressure Nobles forced him to sign Magna Carta Gave rights to nobles and later every English citizen Due process of law & habeas corpus King must obey the law Could not raise taxes without consent

Development of Parliament Great Council evolves into Parliament > England’s legislature Would help unify England Limited power of the monarch Developed into a two house body House of Lords House of Commons

Successful Monarchs in France Monarchs in France start to est. a nation-state Capetian Kings Reduced power of nobles > set up bureaucracy Philip II Added land to his domain in the north and south Controlled an area of what we know today as France Strengthened ties with middle class Louis IX Persecuted non Christians > led two Crusades > becomes a Saint Improved royal govt. > in the end > centralizes monarchy Philip IV Philip IV tried taxing the clergy > angered the Pope Calls upon Estates General > composed of three social classes > king gains support Made up of clergy, nobility, and townspeople