1. High Middle Ages in Europe
How did Europe develop politically in the High Middle Ages?

2. Monarchs, Nobles, and the Church
During feudal times, monarchs in Europe stood at the head of society but had limited power. Nobles and the Church had as much—or more— power than the monarchs.
In order to expand their power, monarchs
set up royal courts
organized government bureaucracies
developed systems of taxation
built standing armies
strengthened ties with the middle class
In this way, little by little over many centuries, these monarchs built the framework for modern- day nation states.

3. Monarchs in England
Duke William of Normandy (w/ support from the Pope) raised an army to claim the English throne
1066 – At the Battle of Hastings becomes William the Conqueror
kept a large amount of land for himself.
Domesday Book – product of a census, used as a basis for tax collecting

4. Monarchs in England Henry II broadened the system of royal justice.
common law, a legal system based on custom and court rulings (applied to all of England)
Clashed with the church over the right to try clergy in royal courts
Assassinated the Archbishop of Canterbury (Thomas Beckett) who opposed him

5. Limited Power King John I Lost a war with Phillip II of France
Forced to acknowledge supremacy of the Pope.
1215 – Forced by his own nobles to sign the Magna Carta, or great charter
Asserted the nobles had certain rights and the monarch must obey the law

6. Limited Power
Eventually, as a result of the Magna Carta, Parliament was established
Further limited the power of the king
Power of the purse - taxation
House of Lords – Nobles and high clergy
House of Commons – Knights and middle-class citizens.

7. Successful Monarchs in France
The Capetians
Hugh Capet - Made the throne hereditary
Won the support of the Church
Built an effective bureaucracy.
Government officials collected taxes and imposed royal law over the king’s domain
Gained the backing of the new middle class

8. Successful Monarchs in France
Louis IX
Outlawed private wars
Ended serfdom in his lands
Efficient centralized monarchy
Phillip IV
Clashed with the Pope over the ability to tax the clergy
Sent an army to seize the pope (killed him) and appointed a French pope.

9. Successful Monarchs in France
The Estates General Representatives from all three estates, or classes:
Clergy
Nobles
Townspeople
Did not serve as a balance to royal power.

10. Review
In what year did the William the Conqueror invade England?

11. Review
Meaning Great Charter, this document created limitations on the power of the king in England

12. Review
Henry II ordered the assassination of this Archbishop of Canterbury.

13. Review
The name of the dynasty that ruled over France in the High Middle Ages.

14. Review
List the three groups that made up the Estates General in France.

15. Bell Ringer
Provide evidence to support the following claim: During the post-Classical period Sub-Saharan Africa was culturally diverse and connected to vast trade networks.