El Subjuntivo

What is it? All verbs have a tense or a mood. There are three moods in the Spanish language, indicative, imperative, and subjunctive. Every conjugation you have learned so far has been in the Indicative mood. Present, Preterit, Imperfect, Future, Conditional. The Indicative mood is used to report something that occurs or has occurred. The Imperative mood is used to give an order or request. This is also known as command forms. The final mood, which we are going to learn is the SUBJUNCTIVE mood.

When to use the Subjunctive mood When you have a sentence made up of two clauses, joined together by que. When there is a change in subject from the first clause to the second. When, in the first clause, there is a “key” verb or phrase to trigger the use of the subjuntive. It uses the conditions that trigger the subjuntive. WEIRDO

WEIRDO W ishes, hopes, desires E motions and feelings I mpersonal expressions R equests, commands, advice D oubt, denial, and disbelief O jalá

Wishes, hopes, desires To express hopes and wishes for oneself or others Esperar que Desear que Querer que Necesitar que

Emotion and Feelings To express reactions or feelings about others or events Alegrarse (de) –to be glad (about) Encantar- to enchant/ be delighted (love) Enojarse- to get angry Estar + adj.- to (emotion) Gustar- to be pleasing to Molestar- to bother Preocuparse (de)- to be worried (about) Quejarse (de)- to complain (about) Sentir (ie)- to be sorry/ to regret Ser triste- it’s sad that Sorprender (se)- to surprise/ be surprised Tener miedo (de)- to be afraid (of) Temer- to fear

Impersonal Expressions Es importante que Es necesario que Es difícil que Es preciso Es triste que Es increíble que Es terrible que Es una lastima que Es bueno/malo que Es mejor que Ojalá que Es menester Es lógico que Es raro que Es ridículo que Es posible/ imposible que Es probable/ improbable que Es fácil que Más vale que Puede ser que Es preferible que Es aconsejable que Es fantástico que Express a condition without a specific subject mentioned using Ser or an expression below.

Influence To express demands, requests, suggestions, advice, recommendations, and permission. Aconsejar que Sugerir que Recomendar que Preferir que Permitir que Desear que Exigir que Querer que Insistir en que Pedir que Esperar que Prohibir que

Doubt, Denial, Disbelief, Uncertainty To express attitudes of doubt about actions Es posible que Es improbable que No es seguro que Es dudoso que Dudar que No creer que No pensar que

How do you use the subjunctive? 1. There is a main clause (Independent Clause) and a dependent clause. Es importante que asistes al colegio. 2. The two clauses must be connected by que. Prefiero que ustedes estudien mucho. 3. There must be a change in subject to trigger the subjunctive. Maria quiere que Carlos venga temprano. 4. The sentence must express one of the conditions listed from WEIRDO. I.C. D.C.

How to form the Subjuntivo AR yo- e tú- es él ella e ud. nosotros- emos ellos ellas en uds. ER/ IR yo- a tú- as él ella a ud. nosotros- amos ellos ellas an uds. Steps to form the subjunctive: 1. Conjugate to the present tenseYO form 2. Drop the –O 3. Add the opposite ending to the stem

Examples of Regular Verbs Hable Hablemos Hables Hable Hablen Coma Comamos Comas Coma Coman Viva Vivamos Vivas Viva Vivan Hablar Comer Vivir

We do NOT use the subjunctive.. To express facts, beliefs, certainties, or to state the obvious. The following use the indicative: Creer que No hay duda que Es obvio que Es cierto que Es verdad que Saber que Es seguro que Pensar que Es evidente que

We do NOT use the subjunctive.. If que is not present or if there is NO subject specified in the depend clause (especially impersonal expressions). Ex. Es importante llegar a tiempo.  Indicative -- It’s important to arrive on time. (No subject specified) Ex. Es importante que tú llegues a tiempo  Subj. -- It’s important That you arrive on time. S1 + V1 in PI + que+ S2 + V2 in the PS HOWEVER…