2. El Subjuntivo When to use it – Indicators #2

3. So Far  You have learned so far to use the subjunctive with the following: To express necessity and possibility  Es posibleEs imposible  Es probableEs improbable  Es importanteEs necesario  Es buenoEs mejor  Es fácilEs difícil To express wishes, preferences, and demands  Desearto desire  Esperarto hope  Preferirto prefer  Mandarto order  Insistir ento insist

4. Expresiones de emoción  Use the subjunctive in a clause that modifies a verb or expression conveying any kind of emotion.  Examples: Alegrarse deto be happy about Estar contento(a)to be glad Estar tristeto be sad Sorprenderto surprise Gustarto like Es una lástimait’s a pity Temerto fear Tener miedo deto be afraid

5. Expresiones de emoción  Unlike other expressions that take the subjunctive, the information in a clause following a verb or expression of emotion can be factual. Use the subjunctive just because the information is introduced by a phrase indicating emotion.  Examples: Me alegro de que Teresa esté con nosotros.  Teresa is for sure with us, but because I’m happy (emotion), use the subjunctive. ¿Estás contento de que Teresa esté aqui?  Again, Teresa is really here. Use the subjunctive following the glad phrase. Creo que es una lástima que esté con nosotros.  Teresa is still here for sure. I feel emotionally (it’s a shame) so use the subjunctive.

6. Expresiones de duda  When a clause is introduced by a statement of doubt, the subjunctive is used in the dependent clause since it is not known for a fact if the action will take place.  The opposite is true. If the information is introduced with a statement of certainty, the indicative is used.  Ejemplos SubjunctiveIndicative DudarNo dudar Es dudosoNo es dudoso (no hay duda) No estar seguroEstar seguro No creerCreer No es ciertoEs cierto

7. En cláusulas adverbiales  Use the subjunctive with the following conjunctions because the information that follows is not necessarily real. Para queso that De modo queso that, in such a way that De manera que so that, in such a way that Con tal de queprovided that Sin queunless, without A menos queunless  Ejemplos Marta no irá a menos que tú la acompañes.  Marta’s not going unless you accompany her.