Non- Communicable Diseases

Diseases that can not be spread. 2 types- Chronic and Degenerative

Chronic Disease Present either continuously or on and off over a long period of time. Ex. Asthma

Degenerative Disease Diseases that cause breakdown in the body cells, tissues, and organs as it progresses. Ex. Muscular Dystrophy

Congenital Disorders Congenital Disorders are diseases and/or conditions that are present at birth. Congenital Disorders are caused by hereditary factors Heredity – passing of traits from parents to their children.

Cancer Cancer is a disease characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. There are many different kinds of cancers.

6 Most Common Cancers 1 – Skin Cancer Most common of all cancers Comes from excessive exposure to sunlight Preventative measure – sunscreen, hats

6 Most Common Cancers 2- Lung Cancer Leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. Use of tobacco products mainly cause Lung cancer.

6 Most Common Cancers 3 – Prostate Cancer Large Intestine area Early detection and screening processes (modern technology) reduced the number of cases of late.

6 Most Common Cancers 4 – Breast Cancer Most often occurs in women over 50 BUT – Can occur in younger women….. And in Men.

6 Most Common Cancers 5 – Colon Cancer Men – Prostate and Testicular Cancer Women – Ovarian and Cervix Cancer Can seriously impact possibility of having children, and can be deadly.

6 Most Common Cancers 6 – Kidney Cancer Sometimes kidney cancer is called by its medical name, renal cell carcinoma. Renal is from the Latin word renalis for kidneys. Kidney cancer includes various forms, including clear cell, papillary, sarcomatoid, transitional cell, and others.

Tumors A tumor is a mass of abnormal cells. Two types of Tumors – Benign and Malignant Benign is non cancerous. (Not spreading) Malignant is cancerous. (Spreading)

Warning Signs of Cancer C.A.U.T.I.O.N C – Continual change in bathroom habits. A – A sore that does not heal. U – Unusual bleeding or discharge. T – Thickening or lump on your body I – Indigestion O – Obvious change in mole or wart N – Nagging couch or horseness

ABCD’s of Skin Cancer (Melonoma) A – asymmetry (one half doesn’t match the other) B – border (the border is irregular – edges are ragged or blurred) C – Color (the color is not all the same) D – Diameter (the diameter is larger than the size of a pencil eraser, or is growing.)

Diagnosis of Cancer If a suspicious lump or formation of cells is discovered, a biopsy is usually done. Biopsy – removal of a sample of tissue from a person for examination. Physician examines tissue under a microscope to see if the cells are cancerous.

Treatment Radiation – treatment that uses X- rays or other forms of radiation to kill cancer cells. The radiation destroys or shrinks the cancer cells. Chemotherapy – Use of powerful medicines to destroy cancer cells. Often used to fight cancers that have spread throughout the body.

Treatment Remission – When cancer signs and symptoms disappear. Recurrence – Return of cancer after a remission.

Cardiovascular Disease Any condition that weakens the heart and blood vessels and makes them less functional. Hypertension, Heart attack, H.B.P., Atherosclerosis, Stroke

Diabetes Diabetes is a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy. Body does not produce or properly use their insulin. Insulin – protein made in the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose (sugars) in the blood.

Arthritis Arthritis is a disease of the joints marked by painful swelling and stiffness. Over 40 million people in the U.S. Usually linked to older adults, but even children/teens can get it.

Asthma Asthma – A condition in which the small airways in the lungs narrow, making breathing difficult. 25 million Americans have it. 1/3 are under the age of 18. Some outgrow the disease, others have it for life.