1. Cancer

3. Cancer
Target: I will be able to describe types of, symptoms of and treatments for cancer 
Cancer: A group of diseases in which cells divide uncontrollably forming a tumor
Tumor: An abnormal growth of tissue that can be benign or malignant
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4. Benign: A tumor that is not cancerous and does not spread
Ordinary looking cells enclosed in a fibrous shell that prevents them from spreading to other body parts

5. Malignant: A tumor that is cancerous and may spread
Not enclosed in protective shells; so they can metastasize to other body parts
Metastasis: Cancer cells break away from a malignant tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, spreading the cancer to other parts of the body

7. Causes of Cancer: (you don’t need to write these!)
Hereditary factors you have little control over; they are in your genes
Acquired (Environmental) Risk factors you have control over. They include:
1. Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drug use
2. Poor Nutrition
3. Physical Inactivity and Obesity
4. Exposure to certain infectious agents (toxic waste, asbestos, radon, pollution)
5. Exposure to UV rays (sunlight) and X-Rays

9. Classifications of Cancers:
Carcinoma: Cancer of the (epithelial) tissue that forms the skin and linings of the body organs (forms solid tumors)

10. Skin Cancer: The most common form of cancer in the US today which consists of 3 different types (Basal Cell and Squamous Cell- both highly curable, and Melanoma- most deadly form of skin cancer)

12. ABCDEs of Melanoma: Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving

13. Oral and Lung Cancer: Tobacco and excessive use of alcohol = greatest cause
Reproductive Cancers: Cervical, Ovarian, Uterine, Breast, Prostate, Testicular

14. Sarcoma: Cancer that develops in the mesodermal (middle) connective/
supportive layers of tissue- such as bones, muscles and tendons (Forms solid tumors)
Lymphoma: Cancer of the lymphatic system- the infection fighting regions of the body (Forms solid tumors)

15. Leukemia: Cancer of the blood-forming parts of the body
Blood forming organs produce an abnormal number of immature leukocytes (white blood cells)
These suppressed the production of normal blood cells (leading to a weakened immune system)

16. Fill in the blanks on the handout
CAUTION (7 signs of Cancer):
Change in bowel or bladder habits
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge (bowel, bladder, uterus)
Thickening or lump in breast or other tissue
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing/eating
Obvious change in a wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness

17. Treating Cancer:
1. Surgery: Remove tumors and affected area
2. Radiation: Treatment with high-energy radiation to kill or damage cancer cells; performed by placing radioactive materials in or near the cancer sight
3. Chemotherapy: Treatment with anti-cancer drugs to help destroy malignant cells without severely damaging healthy cells; keeps cells from dividing
Summary

18. Cancer: A close Reading
Complete Cancer: A Close Reading Assignment by reading pages , , and in Health Textbook (packet handed out in class), and completing both sides of the worksheet.
Fold and glue so you can see each side of the worksheet in your notes.
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