1. Cancer (3:23) Click here to launch video
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2. Cancer takes many different forms and can affect people of all ages.

3. cancer
tumor
benign
malignant
metastasis
carcinogen
biopsy
remission

4. What Is Cancer?
Cancer has a variety of forms and affects different areas of the body.
When abnormal cells reproduce rapidly and uncontrollably, they can build up inside otherwise normal tissue.

5. What Is Cancer?
Cancer occurs when abnormal cells reproduce rapidly and uncontrollably, building up inside otherwise normal tissue and spreading through the body.
Cancer
Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells

6. How Cancer Harms the Body
When abnormal cells build up in the body, they can form a tumor.
Tumor
an abnormal mass of tissue that has no natural role in the body

7. How Cancer Harms the Body
A benign tumor grows slowly and is surrounded by membranes that prevent it from spreading.
Benign
Non-cancerous

8. How Cancer Harms the Body
A malignant tumor spreads to neighboring tissues and enters the blood or lymph to travel to other parts of the body.
Malignant
Cancerous

9. How Cancer Harms the Body
Metastasis is the process that occurs when a malignant tumor spreads to other parts of the body.
Metastasis
The spread of cancer from the point where it originated to other parts of the body

10. Types of Cancer Lymphomas Leukemias Carcinomas Sarcomas
Cancers of the immune system
Leukemias
Cancers of the blood-forming organs
Cancers of the glands and body linings, including the skin and the linings of the digestive tract and lungs
Carcinomas
Cancers of connective tissue, such as bones, ligaments, and muscles
Sarcomas

11. Types of Cancer Organ Affected Some Risk Factors Skin Breast Prostate
Exposure to UV radiation
Breast
Genetic factors, obesity, alcohol use, physical inactivity
Prostate
Possible hereditary link, possible link to high-fat diet
Lung
Exposure to cigarette smoke, radon, or asbestos
Colon/Rectum
A diet that is high in fat and low in fiber
Mouth
Use of tobacco, chewing tobacco, or alcohol
Cervix
History of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV)
Testicle
Undescended testicle, family history of testicular cancer

12. Risk Factors for Cancer
Risk factors for cancer include lifestyle behaviors.
When the immune system is weak or the abnormal cells multiply faster than the immune system can destroy them, cancer may develop.

13. Many cancers develop because of exposure to a carcinogen.
Carcinogens
Many cancers develop because of exposure to a carcinogen.
Carcinogen
Cancer-causing substance

14. Tobacco Use
The number one cause of cancer deaths in the United States is tobacco use.
At least 43 different carcinogens have been identified in tobacco and tobacco smoke.

15. Tobacco Use
215,000 cases of smoking-related lung cancer are diagnosed each year.
87 percent of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking.
30 percent of all other cancers are linked to tobacco use.

16. Tobacco Use
This person’s cancer may have been caused by using smokeless tobacco.

17. Radiation
The glow of a suntan is actually your skin’s reaction to damage from the sun.
UV radiation from the sun is the main cause of skin cancer.

18. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Human papillomavirus, or HPV, can cause cervical cancer.
Some sexually transmitted viruses have the ability to cause cancer.
Hepatitis B virus can cause liver cancer.

19. Dietary Factors
About 30 percent of all cancer deaths are caused by dietary risk factors.
A diet that is high in fat and low in fiber is often linked with colon, breast, and prostate cancers.

20. Reducing Your Risk
You can reduce your risk of cancer by practicing healthful behaviors.
One of the most frightening aspects of cancer is that it seems to strike people at random.

21.         Reducing Your Risk
Protect your skin from UV radiation. 
Avoid tobacco and alcohol. 
Practice abstinence from sexual activity. 
Be physically active. 
Maintain a healthy weight. 
Eat nutritious foods. 
Follow an eating plan that is low in saturated fat and high in fiber. 
Recognize the warning signs of cancer. 

22. Detecting and Treating Cancer
Successful cancer treatment depends on early detection and the right kind of treatment.
The survival rate for people with cancer depends on two main factors: early detection and the type of cancer.

23. Detecting and Treating Cancer
Early detection is the most critical factor in successful cancer treatment.
Early detection depends on both self-examination and medical examination.

24. Detecting and Treating Cancer
Self-examination involves checking your own body for possible signs of cancer.
Many types of cancer, including those of the breasts, testicles, and skin, are discovered early through self-examination.

25. Detecting and Treating Cancer
Medical examination, or medical screening, involves testing by a doctor for early signs of cancer.
About half of all new cancer cases each year are detected during a routine medical screening.

26. Detecting and Treating Cancer
If a doctor thinks cancer is a possibility, a biopsy may be ordered to determine whether cancer is present.
Biopsy
The removal of a small piece of tissue for examination

27. Detecting and Treating Cancer
Warning Signs Of Cancer
Change in bowel habits or bladder function
Sores that will not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or other body part
Indigestion or trouble swallowing
Change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness

28. Treatment Options Surgery Radiation Therapy Chemotherapy Immunotherapy
Removes some or all of the cancerous masses from the body
Surgery
Radiation Therapy
Uses radioactive substances to kill cancer cells and shrink cancerous masses
Chemotherapy
Uses chemicals to destroy cancer cells
Activates a person’s immune system to recognize specific cancers and destroy them
Immunotherapy
Hormone Therapy
Uses medicines to interfere with the production of certain hormones that help cancer cells grow

29. Treatment Options
When treatment works and the cancer is either gone or under control, the cancer is said to be in remission.
Remission
a period of time when symptoms disappear

30. After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What is metastasis?
The spread of cancer from the point where it originated to other parts of the body

31. After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What are the two important methods for early cancer detection?
Self-examination and medical examination

32. After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
Identify three cancer treatment options.
Any three: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy