ENGLISH COLONIES

Impact of Contact -Colombus’ impression -colonization by force -effects of disease -importation of Africans -Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal

Impact of Contact -Colombus’ impression -colonization by force -effects of disease -importation of Africans -Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal

Impact of Contact -Colombus’ impression -colonization by force -effects of disease -importation of Africans -Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal

Colombian Exchange -transfer of goods between societies -Americas sent corn, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, peanuts, tobacco -Europe sent horses, cows, pigs, and technology

European Settlements -European Settlements - as European nations began to settle the New World they settled in certain areas -Spanish-- St. Augustine, Florida 1565 SW, Florida, Texas -French– Canada, Mississippi R. -Dutch—New York -English—East Coast

First English Attempt -Roanoke, NC Sir Walter Raleigh Lost Colony John White Virginia Dare

English Settlements -Virginia Company Jamestown, 1607 John Smith Hard times Powhatan “Starving Time”

Jamestown -more colonists -1 st democratic gov’t House of Burgesses -tobacco as a cash crop John Rolfe Pocahontas -headright system 50 acres to each new colonist -indentured servants -first slaves imported

Clash with Indians -desire for land led to conflicts -European feelings of superiority -no intermarriage with Indians groups -fought wars with Powhatan Indians -Virginia becomes royal colony so that King’s Army can protect settlers

First Rebellion -Indian dispute on the frontier -Colonists ask for protection from Virginia Gov’t, but were denied -Nathaniel Bacon led the frontier colonists in a rebellion against the Virginia gov’t -showed signs of discontent with leadership

Religious Reasons -Henry VIII begins the Anglican Church -Reformers want to rid the church of all Roman Catholic traditions -Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England individual and congregational control of religion

Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Mass Mayflower Compact set up direct democracy for the colony -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving Squanto -William Bradford Pilgrim leader “Of Plymouth Plantation”

Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Mass Mayflower Compact set up direct democracy for the colony -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving Squanto -William Bradford Pilgrim leader “Of Plymouth Plantation”

Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Mass Mayflower Compact set up direct democracy for the colony -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving Squanto -William Bradford Pilgrim leader “Of Plymouth Plantation”

Massachusetts Bay Company -Puritans -John Winthrop -City on a Hill be an example to the world -connection between church and state -strict adherence to Puritan rules

Puritan Dissent -Roger Williams Separation of Church and State exiled from the colony fled and founded Providence R.I. -Anne Hutchinson belief in individual worship banished in famous trial fled to R.I.

Puritan Dissent -Roger Williams Separation of Church and State exiled from the colony fled and founded Providence R.I. -Anne Hutchinson belief in individual worship banished in famous trial fled to R.I.

Indian Resistance -some cooperation but short lived -disease, land, and religion caused disputes -Pequot War, 1637 massacre of Indians -King Philip’s War lots of deaths on both sides but colonists win and Indian resistance fades

New Netherlands -Henry Hudson -Englishman sailing for the Dutch -Explored the Hudson R. and Hudson Bay areas -Dutch found colony at New Amsterdam -lots of different immigrants -religious freedom -English take colony in renamed New York -Part of the region divided into the colony of New Jersey

Rhode Island -founded by Roger Williams -land peaceably acquired from Indians -based on religious freedoms that Williams promoted -church and the government are separate

Connecticut -founded by Thomas Hooker -wanted more religious freedom than Massachusetts allowed -disliked the requirement of citizens to be church members -Fundamental Orders first constitution in the nation

-William Penn -Quakers religious group who practiced worship without ministers and were pacifists -Philadelphia “City of Brotherly Love” -fair treatment of Indians -thriving colony Pennsylvania

Maryland -George Calvert Lord Baltimore -established as safe haven for English Catholics -Catholics soon outnumbered -Toleration Act guaranteed religious freedom

Maryland -George Calvert Lord Baltimore -established as safe haven for English Catholics -Catholics soon outnumbered -Toleration Act guaranteed religious freedom

Carolina -royal colony named after King Charles -Charles Town became major port city -large slave populations -North Carolina created as refuge for the poor and dissenters -remained thinly populated until mid 1700’s

Other Colonies -Georgia James Olgethorpe haven for debtors also was a buffer from Spanish areas -NewHampshire and Maine -founded by Puritan communities -N.H. becomes royal colony -Maine was eventually sold to Massachusetts and remained part of Mass. Until the 1820

Colonial System -mercantilism system of nations increasing their wealth and power through trade with colonies -English wanted a favorable balance of trade which meant they sold more than they imported from colonies -Social System widely available prosperity

English Control -colonies were very successful traders -lumber, furs, fish, grain, tobacco sent to Europe -large quantities of finished goods bought -Parliament passes the Navigation Acts Restricted how colonists could do business

Seeds of Independence -Glorious Revolution in England, Parliament becomes the dominant force in English government -salutary neglect very loose supervision of the colonies -lack of control led to self government religious, political, economic, and social freedoms John Peter Zenger Trial