1. Early English Settlers
U.S. History
Chapter 3

2. Early English Settlements
England and Spain had been heading toward war for years. Trading rivalry and religious differences divided the 2 countries
England beat Spain and ended Spanish control of the seas.
Now England and other nations could start colonies in North America
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3. First English Settlement
Virginia Company of London received a charter to settle in North America.
Charter – the right to organize settlements in an area.
Jamestown – in 1607, it was settled by the English.

4. Jamestown Settlement

5. Hardships Bad Water Disease Lack of good farmland Starvation
Encounters with Native Americans

6. John Smith Forced the settlers to grow food.
Managed to get corn from the local Native Americans
His leadership saved the colony.

7. Tobacco
John Rolfe – learned to grow a superior strain of tobacco, native to the West Indies, that could be grown in Virginia.
Tobacco gave Virginia a major cash crop.
Eventually caused African slaves to arrive in Virginia.

8. House of Burgesses Founded in 1619 A representative assembly.
Towns were allowed two representatives
The assembly had the right to make local law.

9. New England Colonies
People moved into the area searching for religious freedom.
Puritans – wanted to reform Anglican church.
Separatists – wanted to leave and set up their own church.

10. Pilgrims
Group of Separatists, suffering from government harassment, fled to Holland.
Not happy in Holland:
a. lack of work
b. afraid their kids were losing religious values and their English way of life.
they decide to travel to America.

11. Journey to America
The pilgrims were going to settle in Virginia; however, they landed north of their target in present day Mass.
Because winter was approaching they stayed there.

12. Mayflower Compact
The pilgrims drew up the compact in order to provide laws to live by.

13. Help from the Native Americans
The Native Americans showed the pilgrims the following:
how to grow corn, beans, and pumpkins
where to hunt and fish

14. Bell Work Activity
Write a short response in your notes answering the following question. You have 5 mins.
If you were going to establish a new settlement, what factors would you consider when choosing a location? Describe the perfect place for your settlement.

15. New England Colonies

16. Mass. Bay Company John Winthrop – Governor
Great Migration - during the 1630’s, more than 15,000 journeyed to Mass.
Puritans migrated to Mass. In order to escape persecution and hard economic times.

17. Connecticut Thomas Hooker – leader
Hooker and his followers left Mass. because they felt the government officials had too much power.
Fundamental Orders of Conn. - 1st written constitution in America.

18. Rhode Island Roger Williams – leader
Williams and his followers left Mass. Because they felt the church had too much power. They wanted separation between church and state.
Toleration – To accept different beliefs.

19. Chapter 3 Section 3 What were the four Middle Colonies?
Define the following:
Proprietary Colony
Pacifist 
What group of people moved to Pennsylvania?

21. New York
King Charles II allowed his brother the Duke of York to conquer Dutch lands in America.
English invaded New Amsterdam.
Duke of York renamed it New York.
Proprietary Colony – a colony which the owner owned all the land and controlled the government.

22. New Jersey
Duke of York gave the southern most part of his colony to John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret.

23. Pennsylvania William Penn – leader
Penn and his followers wanted a safe place for Quakers to settle.
Pacifist – People who refuse to use force or to fight in wars.

24. Chapter 3 Section 4 What were the five Southern Colonies?
Why did George Calvert establish the colony of Maryland?
How did Georgia serve as protection for the English colonies?

26. Maryland
Leader George Calvert (Lord Baltimore). His son Cecilius inherited the colony.
Refuge for English Catholics
Act of Toleration – Guaranteed political rights and the right to worship freely to all Christians.
1692- Protestants took control of the government & made the Anglican church the official church.

27. Carolinas North Carolina - Settled by Tobacco farmers from Virginia.
South Carolina - Settled by English planters from Barbados.
Slave labor became common.

28. Georgia Leader- James Oglethorpe
Settlement for debtors and poor to have a fresh start.
Served as a buffer between the other English colonies & Spanish Florida.

29. New France Settled in two regions Quebec Louisiana Main interests: Fur
Fishing
Had better relations with the Native Americans.

30. New Spain Spain controlled lands in the following areas: Mexico
Caribbean
Central & South America
Western & Southern parts of the present U.S.