1. Colonial America Review
Chapter 3

2. Roanoke First attempt to an English colony in 1587
Location: Roanoke Island (present day North Carolina)
Sponsored by: Sir Walter Raleigh
Leader: John White
Important figure: Virginia Dare (first English person born in America)
John White returned to England for supplies
White returned 3 years later due to the Spanish Armada (War between Spain and England)
Upon his return, all the settlers had disappeared and he found the word CROATON carved on a tree trunk.
Roanoke is known as the Lost Colony.

4. Jamestown First permanent colony Location: Virginia
Sponsored by the Virginia Company of London
Leaders: John Smith/ John Rolfe
Governor: William Berkeley
Important figure: Pocahontas (meaning: Playful one)
Settlers arrived looking for gold but did not find any.
John Smith took control and forced settlers to work.
John Rolfe introduced tobacco which was popular in Europe and brought lots of wealth.

5. Jamestown Cont.
Tobacco created a need for field laborers to plant & pick the tobacco
To meet the demand for workers, landowners in Virginia used indentured servants from Europe
Indentured servants were typically poor men or women who agreed to work for a land owner for 4 to 7 years in exchange for their travel to America
In addition to indentured servants, Virginia landowners also used African Slaves.
In the mid-1600s fewer indentured servants came to America because the British economy had improved. As a result, African Slavery replaced indentured servants.
In 1619, Virginians formed the House of Burgesses which was the first legislative assembly in America (they made important decisions about taxes and laws)

6. 13 English colonies
By the 1750, English colonies stretched for hundreds of miles along the Atlantic coast.

7. New England Colonies
The colonists who first settled in New England came for religious reasons
Puritans wanted to purify the Anglican Church
Separatist wanted to separate from the Anglican church and form their own churches.
The Separatist became “Pilgrims” & created the Plymouth colony in Massachusetts.
Before landing in America, the Pilgrims created the *Mayflower Compact*
The Mayflower Compact was the first example of self-government in America

8. New England Colonies Cont.
From 1630 to 1640, Puritan leader John Winthrop led 16,000 Puritans to the Massachusetts Bay colony as part of the “Great Migration”
New England Puritans did not like ideas that differed from their own beliefs
Roger Williams was banished from Massachusetts for demanding that Indians be paid for their land;
He formed Rhode Island in 1636 (first colony to allow religious freedom)
Connecticut and New Hampshire were founded for religious freedom/ and democratic reasons.
Connecticut created the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.

9. New England Colonies Massachusetts Plymouth – Founder William Bradford
Massachusetts Bay Colony- Founder John Winthrop
New Hampshire- Founder John Mason
Connecticut- Founder Thomas Hooker
Rhode Island – Founder Roger Williams

10. Middle Colonies
New Amsterdam was governed by the Dutch . The British took over and renamed it New York.
One of the most important middle colonies was Pennsylvania which was founded by William Penn.
Penn was a member of a religious sect called Quakers who believed in the “Inner Light,” all people are equal, & that people can communicate directly with God.
Penn founded his colony as a “holy experiment” to promote religious tolerance. He bought land from the Indians, banned slavery, and allowed a diverse population to move.

11. Middle Colonies New York – Founder Peter Minuit
Delaware- Founder Peter Minuit
New Jersey- Founder John Berkeley, George Carteret
Pennsylvania- Founder William Penn

12. Southern Colonies
Virginia colony (previously explained) – Know about Bacons Rebellion
Maryland was founded by Sir George Calvert and Lord Baltimore. They founded this colony so that Catholics could practice their religion freely.
King Charles II created a new colony called Carolina. Split in two North and South Carolina ruled by 8 Lord Proprietors.
Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe. It was founded to be a place where poor people and debtors could get a fresh start.
Georgia was the last of the 13 colonies.

13. Southern Colonies Virginia – Founder John Smith
Maryland – Founder Sir George Calvert/ Cecil Calvert (son)
North Carolina – Lord Proprietors
South Carolina – Lord Proprietors
Georgia – James Oglethorpe

14. Politics
2 important documents created by the colonist: Mayflower Compact and Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – both showed democratic or representative political principles.

15. Study All vocab terms Know the founder(s) of each colony.
All reading guided notes
This PPT
Chapter Summary
Study your 13 colonies map (relative location)