1. Chapter Two: Road to Independence
Founding the American Colonies
Section 1, pages

2. Glossary/Vocabulary: terms in red
Pennsylvania: site of a colony founded by Quakers
Mayflower Compact: set up a civil government in Plymouth
Samuel de Champlain: a French explorer who set up the trading post of Quebec
John Winthrop: led the group of Puritans who set up the colony of Massachusetts
Roanoke: site of the “Lost Colony”

3. Settlements in America
Spanish
Kept others out of territory
Looking for Gold, Glory, God
Taught Christianity
French
Fur trading
Champlain set up Quebec
1673 Joliet and Marquette discovered Mississippi River
1682 LaSalle named Louisiana
Dutch
New Netherland is now New York

4. The Virginia Colony Sir Walter Raleigh Roanoke Virginia
Sailed in 1587
Roanoke
Present-day North Carolina
Colonists disappeared-”The Lost Colony”
Virginia
Jamestown- first permanent English settlement receives charter (right to organize a settlement)
Wanted wealth
John Smith defends against Indians
John Rolfe discovers tobacco-first cash crop
Self-Government
Elected burgesses (representatives) of land-owners
1619: example of representative gov’t: House of Burgesses

5. The 13 English Colonies Pilgrims The Mayflower Compact
1620: sailed from England on Mayflower
Wanted religious freedom
Arrived in Plymouth, Mass.
The Mayflower Compact
Set up civil gov’t
New England Colonies:
Massachusetts
John Winthrop led Puritans in 1629
Protestant faith was official religion
Connecticut and Rhode Island
1639: Thomas Hooker
First Constitution: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Roger Williams: separation of church and state
Rhode Island: free worship

6. The 13 English Colonies: Middle
New York
English took control in 1664
King Charles II renamed
Pennsylvania
Settled by Quakers-1680
William Penn-founder
City of Brotherly Love
Religious tolerance
Elected representatives

7. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland The Carolinas Georgia
Grew tobacco, rice
1622-settled on Indian land
Lost charter, kept House of Burgesses
Maryland
Calvert-set up Catholic haven
Named after queen
Act of Toleration passed in 1649
Step toward religious diversity
The Carolinas
1719: settlers seized control of Gov't
Georgia
Last of the English colonies