The World’s People Section 1 - Culture

Aspects of Culture All societies share certain basic institutions. Government An educational system Economic system Religious institutions

What is culture? Culture is a learned system of shared beliefs and ways of doing things that guides a person’s daily behavior.

Culture region is an area where people share culture traits. What is culture? Culture region is an area where people share culture traits.

What is culture? Culture traits are elements of culture. Culture can be based on nationality, religion, and profession.

Race and Ethnic Groups Ethnic groups are cultural groups that share beliefs and practices learned from parents, grandparents, and ancestors.

Shared culture may include religion, history, language, holiday traditions and special foods.

Race and Ethnic Groups Multicultural is when people from different cultures live in the same area.

Another word for multicultural is multiethnic. Race and Ethnic Groups Another word for multicultural is multiethnic.

Race Race is based on inherited physical or biological traits. Race is sometimes confused with ethnic group.

Cultural Change Cultures change over time Humans invent new ways of doing things and this spreads to other people.

Cultural Change The spread of one culture’s ways or beliefs to another culture is called diffusion.

Cultural Change The English language being spread throughout the world is an example of diffusion.

Cultural Change Acculturation is the process of cultural changes that result from long-term contact with another society.

Cultural Differences A symbol is a sign that stands for something else. Language, clothing, holidays, and flags are all symbols.

Cultural Differences Symbols help people communicate with each other and create a sense of belonging to a group.

Development of a culture Two important factors that influence the way people meet basic needs are their history and environment.

Development of a culture Culture shapes history by influencing the way people respond to the same historical forces.

Development of a culture The environment of a region can influence the development of culture. An example is the Nile River in Egypt. The Nile is central to the Egyptians lives.

Development of Agriculture For most of human history people ate only wild plants and animals. When food ran out they migrated, or moved to another place.

Development of Agriculture Gradually the wild plants and animals changed and became dependent on people. This is called domestication.

Agriculture and Environment Agriculture changed the landscape. To make room for growing food, people cut down forests, built fences, dug canals, and terraced hillsides.

Types of Agriculture Subsistence agriculture is where farmers grow just enough food for themselves and their families.

Types of Agriculture Commercial agriculture is practiced in wealthier countries and a small number of farmers produce enough food for everyone.

Agriculture and Civilization People were able to grow more food and have surpluses or more than was needed to survive. This surplus triggered the development of towns and cities.

Agriculture and Civilization People were able to have more children and this increased population growth.

Culture AGRICULTURE AND CIVILATION Humans eat wild foods and migrate. Humans domesticate plants and animals. People develop agriculture and change the environment. Agriculture provides surplus food. Towns and cities lead to civilization.

Question: What is the connection between economics and politics? SECTION 2 Population, Economy, and Government Question: What is the connection between economics and politics?

SECTION 2 ECONOMICS AND POLITICS Population, Economy, and Government Developed Countries Developing Countries Economy free enterprise government control, communism Political System democracy communism

SECTION 3 Population Growth Issues Question: What are the advantages and disadvantages of high and low population growth?

SECTION 3 Population Growth Issues POPULATION GROWTH Advantages Disadvantages Low Population Growth Rate high standard of living, enough resources to go around lowers country’s ability to produce, large number of older people that may need financial support High Population Growth Rate increased political power, high productivity hinders economic development, can strain resources

Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 5 1. What is culture, and why should people study it? 2. What is the difference between subsistence and commercial agriculture? 3. What are some of the different ways countries organize governments? 4. Why are telecommunications devices useful as economic indicators? 5. How do population growth rates affect resources?