1. Chapter 4: The World’s People Essential Question: What concepts help geographers understand the world’s people? What you will learn… Section 1: Culture – a group of shared practices and beliefs, differs from group to group and changes over time Section 2: Population – a important part of society Section 3: Government and Economy – countries have different government and levels of economic development Section 4: Global Connections – global connections have made cultural exchange trade and cooperative world community possible

2. Key Terms: culture culture trait culture region ethnic group cultural diversity cultural diffusion

3. Building Background For hundreds of years, immigrants from around the world have moved to the United States to make a new home here. They have brought with them all the things that make up culture – language, religion, beliefs, traditions, and more. As a result, the United States has one of the most diverse cultures in the world.

4. Culture the set of beliefs, values and practices that a group of people has in common What are some beliefs, values and practices that you have in common with others? language religion clothes music food

5. Culture Differences Make Us Unique

6. Development of Culture How do cultures develop? they are often learned or passed down from on generation to the next family traditions: food, customs laws and moral codes passed down in society immigrants moving to new counties learn new traits history and environment

7. Understanding CHECK What practices and customs make up culture?

8. Culture Groups

9. Cultural Diversity Some countries may contain several culture regions within their borders. Often these culture regions are based on ethnic groups. An ethnic group is a group of people who share a common culture and ancestry. They share traits such as; religion, language and special foods. Some countries are home to a variety of ethnic groups. This is called cultural diversity, the state of having a variety of cultures in the same area.

10. Cultural Diversity Why might cultural diversity cause conflict? some groups want to preserve their own culture or force others to abide by their ways

11. Changes in Culture You’ve all read books or seen movies set in the time of the Civil War or in the Wild West of the late 1800’s. Think about how our culture has changed since then. Clothing, food, music – has all changed drastically. When we study changes in culture, we try to find out what caused the changes and how they spread from place to place.

12. Cultural Diffusion

13. How do cultures change over time? through the development of new ideas and contact with other societies

14. Time to Review

15. Section 2 Population Key Terms: population population density birthrate migration

16. Building Background

17. Population How many people live in your community? Do you live in a small town, a huge city or somewhere in between? Your community’s population, or the total number of people in a given area, determines a great deal about the place in which you live. Population influences the variety of businesses, the types of transportation, and the number of schools in your community.

18. Population Density

19. High Density vs. Low Density

20. Where People Live

21. Reading Check What types of information can population density provide? how crowded a place is, possibly the price and availability of land, type of buildings, and traffic

22. Population Change Population can affect many things: 1. availability of jobs 2. hospitals and school open or close 3. amount of food available Geographers look at 3 key statistics to learn about the population of an area: 1. birthrate- the annual number of births per 1,000 people 2. death rate – the annual number of deaths per 1,000 people 3. rate of natural increase- the birthrate minus the death rate

23. Another Reason Population Changes Migration- the process of moving from one place to live in another. When someone leaves an area, the population declines, but when they get to their new destination, that area’s population increases. People might migrate because… 1. war 2. lack of jobs 3. lack of good farmland http://www.cnn.com/2015/09/14/studentnews/sn-content-tues/index.html

24. Time to Review Work with your partner and use your BOOKS to find the answers to the following. 1a. What regions of the world have the highest levels of population density? * East Asia, South Asia, Europe, eastern North America 1b. What information can be learned by studying population density? *amount of open space, price and availability of land, height of buildings, traffic 1c. Would you prefer to live in a region with a dense or a sparse population? Why? 2a. What is a natural increase What can it tell us about a country? *rate at which a population is changing; yearly birthrate minus early death rate; its growth and economic situation 2b. What effect does migration have on human populations? *it affects the population of countries 2c. What patterns do you think world population might have in the future? *continues rapid growth; slowing of growth as resources diminish