The Communication Process 3. _____________ (____________________________) 4. ______________ Start here 5. ______________ 2. ______________ 6. ______________ 1. ______________ 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

The Communication Process 3. _________ 4. ______________ Start here 2. __________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 1. Sender 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Sender Initiator of communication Encoder of message (has to decide what to say & how to say it) Speaker or performer who uses verbal and nonverbal means of communication

The Communication Process 3. __________ 4. ______________ Start here 2. Encoding 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 1. Sender 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Encoding Sender’s selection of a means of expression (what will I say & how will I say it so my audience can understand?) Translating ideas into forms of expression Selecting appropriate symbols and words for the receiver

Levels of Information Cultural Sociological Individual Race Sex National background Sociological Level of education Income Social class Individual Interests, hobbies, social groups, etc.

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. ______________ Start here 2. Encoding 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 1. Sender 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Message Information - WHAT is said & HOW it is said. A systemic translation of a sender’s intention into a code (for example, language or signs) A verbal or nonverbal expression of a sender’s purpose The product of a sender’s efforts at communication

Verbal Communication Sending a message to a receiver through words.

Nonverbal Communication Messages sent by means other than words Appearance Voice (volume, tone) Gestures Body Movement Eye contact or facial expression Spatial relations

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 2. Encoding 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 1. Sender 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Channel Means of transmitting a message A medium related to the senses For example: AUDIO: Airwaves carry messages through the auditory sense VISUAL: Light waves carry messages through the visual one

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 2. Encoding 5. Decoding 6. ______________ 1. Sender 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Decoding Receivers give meaning to a message through their own perceptions Receivers must interpret messages (symbols or codes) according to their own background, abilities, attitudes, etc.

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 5. Decoding 2. Encoding 6. Receiver 1. Sender 7. ______________ 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Receiver Target of the sender’s communication Decoder of message Listener or observer of verbal and nonverbal messages

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 5. Decoding 2. Encoding 6. Receiver 1. Sender 7. Encoding 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. ______________

Encoding Same definition as last time… Now it is the receiver encoding his or her feedback.

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 5. Decoding 2. Encoding 6. Receiver 1. Sender 7. Encoding 10. ______________ 9. ______________ 8. Feedback

Feedback Response of the receiver to the sender’s message, which tells the sender how the message was received. It answers the question, “How am I doing?” Examples: Nodding heads Confused looks Questions Applause

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 5. Decoding 2. Encoding 6. Receiver 1. Sender 7. Encoding 9. Possible Interference 10. ______________ 8. Feedback

Interference Anything that disrupts or prevents a receiver’s interpretation of a sender’s message as the latter intended. Internal or External Noise.

Internal Interference Feelings, attitudes, or opinions belonging to the receiver that prevent the receiver from listening to the speaker carefully. A teacher using vocabulary words that students don’t understand An individual’s bias against a certain group of people (race, ethnicity, etc.)

External Interference Disruptions usually found in the channel causing the transmission of the message to be interrupted. Examples: Fire truck siren interrupting the reception of speech. A loud clanking noise coming from the air conditioning unit. A grandpa who turns his hearing aid off while his wife is instructing him on the daily chores.

The Communication Process 3. Message (Verbal/ Nonverbal) 4. Channel (Senses) Start here 2. Encoding 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 1. Sender 7. Encoding 9. Possible Interference 10. Decoding 8. Feedback

Decoding Same as previous definition. This time the sender decodes the feedback from the receiver and analyzes whether or not the message communicated effectively.