1. The Communication Process

2. Basic Components
Sender
Receiver
Message

3. Definitions
Sender: One who uses verbal and nonverbal means to initiate communication
Receiver: The target of the sender’s communication. A listener, observer, or both.
Message: The verbal or nonverbal expression of a sender’s purpose.

4. What’s wrong with this model?
Sender
Receiver
Message

5. A More Complete Picture
Message
Receiver/
Sender
Sender/
Receiver
Feedback

6. Feedback
Response of the receiver to the sender’s message, which tells the sender how the message was received.

7. More to the Process
Message
Receiver/
Sender
Sender/
Receiver
Feedback

8. E=Encoding D=Decoding
Encoding is the sender’s selection of the means of expression
Decoding is how the receiver gives meaning to a message through their own perception

9. = Interference
Message
Receiver/
Sender
Sender/
Receiver
Feedback

10. Interference
Anything that disrupts or prevents a receiver’s interpretation of a sender’s message as the sender intended it.
External: Outside of our bodies
Internal: Inside of our bodies

11. CONTEXT
Message
Receiver/
Sender
Sender/
Receiver
Feedback

12. Context
The physical, social, psychological and time elements in which the communication takes place