The Beginnings of Industrialization Chapter 9 Section 1 Notes

Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain Over time governments and countries rise and fall giving way to a new way of life. This will spark a different kind of revolution. The Industrial Revolution refers to the increased output of machine made goods in England in mid 1700’s. This wave will spread all throughout Europe and on to where?

In early years – 1700’s England consisted primary of open farm land. Wealthy land owners will make drastic changes which will lead to agricultural revolution. Enclosures will begin to be created. These produced 2 results: 1) Wealthy land owners could try new agriculture Methods and 2) Forced small farmers to go into the cities. Introduced ideas such as Crop rotation.

Livestock breeding will change for the better. Ex. Lambs going from average of 18 lbs. to 50 lbs. Eventually because of the Agricultural Revolution, food supply will greatly what??? Causing WHAT to go up?? This agricultural Revolution will turn out well for wealthy land owners but who has suffered and what happens to them?

Why the Industrial Revolution began in England Had large population of workers Had many natural resources For Industrialization to commence you had to have natural resources. Resources included: water power and coal to fuel machines, iron ore to make machines and tools and buildings, rivers for inland transportation, and lastly harbors to sell and import products***** On top of this Great Britain's Economy was expanding.

People started to invest in products and companies and inventions. Banking system was increased due to encouragement of loans and ability to receive one so they could start up a business. Overseas trade also led to growing economy in England. Another factor that led Great Britain to be the first to industrialize was military success. The government would also create industry friendly laws.

All these tied together create what is known as Factors of Production. Basically the resources to produce goods and services that the Industrial revolution required. They had land, labor, and capital(wealth) *****

Inventions Spur Industrialization Britain's textile industry was the first to explode. Fabrics of wool, linen, and cotton. Inventions: Flying Shuttle, Spinning Jenny,- (These put together will create a more advanced machine called the Spinning Mule) Wealthy textile merchants set up rows and rows of these machines in buildings and they became to be known as Factories. The first ones were water powered so they had to be built by rivers and streams. THIS WILL CHANGE!

Flying Shuttle

Spinning Jenny

The Spinning Mule

Guy named Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin Guy named Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. In 1790 cotton produced in lbs. was 1.5 million. Because of his cotton gin in 1810 85 million lbs. of cotton is produced. (That’s a lot if you didn’t know)

Improvements in Transportation Water turbine power will eventually turn into the steam engine Early coal miners were using a steam powered pump by feeding it with coals but this became unconventional and expensive. Entrepreneur’s were sought after to make inventions better. Eventually the steam engine was re created in a way that was much more efficient for a lot less money. Steam engines were eventually used to power boats giving way to a new form of transportation. Why is this such a big deal?

Eventually machines were built that would go over the ground and crush the dirt and rocks and smooth out the surface lawing down a smooth layer of first rock. These will become what??? Private investors will see this as a gold mine and jump on board quickly creating those all over Great Britain.

The Railway Age Begins Steam driven machinery will become the latest rave of the time. People will want to transport large amounts of goods over land and the need to a steam engine locomotive will emerge. People will emerge to compete to create the best engines of the time but The Rocket will come out on top!

4 Major Effects of Railroad in Great Britain 1. Created industrial growth by creating a cheap method to transport goods and resources. 2. Created hundreds of thousands of new jobs for railroad workers and miners. 3. Railroad boosted England's agriculture. Industry and fishing industry. 4. It made travel easier which spread out the countries population and mad it where people could take distant city jobs.