2. A New Kind of Revolution
Main Idea
In the 1700s conditions in Great Britain led to the rapid growth of the textile industry (woven fabric), which in turn led to huge changes in many other industries.
Reading Focus
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain?
How did the Agricultural Rev. lead to the Industrial Rev.?
How did industrialization cause a revolution in the production of textiles?
How did steam power the Industrial Revolution?
Where did industrialization spread beyond Great Britain?

3. A Revolution in Great Britain
During the 1700s changes in technology began based on the use of power-driven machinery. This era is called the Industrial Revolution.
Exploration and colonialism
Seapower
Political stability
Government support
Growth of private investment
Factors for Success

4. Agricultural Factors
Research and development on crop rotation – growing different crops on the same plot of land each year
Jethro Tull invented the seed drill to make planting faster
Improved livestock breeding and new varieties of crops helped increase food supply and population grew
Enclosure movement put small plots of land into large farms

5. Britain’s Big Advantage
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain.
Had essential elements for economic success
Factors of production
Land resources grew with new colonies
Labor moved from small farms into cities
Capital investment grew as merchants used banks

6. The Big Five
Great Britain
United States
Prussia
France
Japan 3

7. A Revolution in Textiles
Textile Industry
Beginning of Industrial Revolution
Weaving was a cottage industry – handmade in the home
Labor performed at home
Industrialization transformed this
Fabric made of wool or cotton (grown on plantations in the Americas)
Supply of fibers increased in the 1700s
Slave labor in America
New Way of Making Cloth

8. Cotton Gin

9. Spinning Jenny

10. Flying Shuttle

11. Cloth-making in Factories
Cottages too small
Factory invented
Increased the need for power
Water frame for water power
Output increased 8x by 1770 1

12. Steam Powers the Revolution
First succeeded in 1712
Innovations by James Watt
Steam power versus water power
Development of Steam Engine

13. Steamships
Robert Fulton invents the first of the Steamships.

14. Mining Coal Coal needed for Steam Engines Required a lot of fuel
Wood not as efficient or plentiful
Coal industry grew and landscapes changed
Dangers of mining not understood by most

15. Industrialization Spreads
Industrialization soon spread to western Europe and the United States. Other regions did not industrialize in the 1800s. What was it about Western countries that encouraged them to embrace industry?
Political liberty
Freedom to compete
Monetary rewards
Exploitation of labor
Improvements in technology
Why Western Countries?
Mill Factory

16. Industry in Asia Eventually, industry spread to Asia.
Japan first in 1868
In the 1900s
China
India
Russia
A British Train in Shimbashi, Japan