Chapter 13 Section 4

Key Terms Alfred the Great William the Conqueror Domesday Book Eleanor of Aquitaine Magna Carta Parliament Hugh Capet Otto the Great Reconquista

England Absorbs Waves of Invaders 800’s invaded by the Vikings Special prayer “God, deliver us from the fury of the Northmen” Alfred the Great turns them back United under one rule England the land of angels

England Absorbs Wave of Invaders 1016 Danish King Canute conquered England Molded Anglo Saxons into Viking people 1042 Alfred the Confessor took the throne 1066 died without an heir

Norman Conquest William Duke of Normandy (William the Conqueror) Norman- descendant of Vikings spoke French Invaded England and claimed the crown Fought the Battle of Hastings

Norman Conquest Harold Godwinson was rival to William Battle of Hastings 1066 Harold shot in eye by an arrow William claims 1/5 of England for himself Lords who supported him received land grants Unified the country

The English in France English wanted two goals – Hold and add to French lands – Strengthen own power over church and nobles William’s ancestors owned land in France and England Henry II added to land by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine (French)

England’s Evolving Government Henry now had a large territory in France Inherited William the Conquerors land Also a vassal to a French King

Magna Carta John became king Not a good military leader Lost lands in France Cruel to his subjects Highest taxes Threatened to revoke charters

Magna Carta Nobles revolt in 1215 John forced to sign Magna Carta Drawn up by nobles Certain political rights Safeguarded feudal rights Limit the king’s power

Magna Carta Citizens argued it applied to all classes No taxation without representation Jury trial Protection of the law Basic legal rights now in England and the United States

Model Parliament Edward I needed to raise taxes for a war with France Two burgesses from every borough, two nights from every county, to serve on Parliament Legislative body of lords and commoners

The Model Parliament they were called when King wanted a new tax Two groups formed House of Commons House of Lords Parliament helped to weaken the great lords In time Parliament became strong

Capetian Dynasty Rules France Counts and dukes ruled land independently France had 47 feudal territories Hugh Capet-Capetian Dynasty that ruled from

France Becomes a Separate Kingdom Power of King spread from Paris Royal power would unite France 1300 the Capetians ruled all of modern France

Phillip II Expands Power One of the most powerful Capetians Watched father lose land to Henry II Became king at 15 Phillip had little success against Henry II or Richard the Lionhearted John becomes king

Philip II Expands His Power Phillip gets the name Augustus Greatly increase France’s territory Seized Normandy from King John in 1204 Phillip had tripled his lands

Holy Roman Empire 936 Otto the Great United German lands Nobles challenge the Pope Otto helps and in named emperor Became know as the Holy Roman Empire 1100’s Emperor became elected and not inherited

Spain and Portugal Share Iberian peninsula Conquered in the early 700’s by Moors 1000’s Christians fight the Moors Reconquista- re- conquest by Christians in Spain 1085 King Castile captures Toledo

Spain and Portugal Aragon and Portugal join in the fight 1100’s Moors completely out of Portugal 1236 Cordoba is captured 1492 Granada falls to Ferdinand and Isabel's army Royal marriage of Aragon and Castille made a powerful county