1. The Formation of Western Europe

2. The Middle Ages Early Middle Ages High Middle Ages Late Middle Ages
800
1000 AD
1300
476
The Plague
Strikes
Europe
1347
Fall
Of Rome
Formation
Of England
And France
Frankish
Kingdoms
Rise
511 AD
Martel
Stops
Muslim
Invasion
732
Charlemagne
Crowned
Holy Roman
Emperor
King John
Approves
Magna Carta
1215
Hundred
Years’ War
1453
Constantinople
falls to
Ottoman
Turks
Carolingian
Dynasty
Falls apart,
Feudalism
Rises
900
1st of the
Crusades
Begin
1095
Mongol Invasions
of China, Russia
And S.W. Asia

3. England- land of the Angles
Which invaders settled in England?
Angles and Saxons and Vikings
Where did the Angles come from?
Denmark
The Danish King – Canute conquered
England in 1042 and the Angles,
Saxons and Vikings that lived there
were united as a country.

4. In England, feudal manors gave rise to towns and villages
In England, feudal manors gave rise to towns and villages. Villagers were called Burghers.

5. The Norman Conquest
William the Conqueror, united most of England when he defeated his cousin Harold in the battle of Hastings in He became King William I of England.

6. Henry II would succeed William I
Strengthened the courts - A jury trial
system was developed in which cases
were judged on a case-by-case basis.
Courts gained power, commoners
gained some rights both at the expense
of the feudal lords

7. The compilation of court decisions
Became known as “common law”.
Common law is unwritten law based on custom or a court decision.
What is similar about this development
to our court system?
U.S. civil law based on
this system

8. King John comes to power in England
Not a popular king
Lost the Normandy region to
the French
Raised Taxes to an all time
high – Guess what happened?
His nobles revolted

9. In 1215, King John was forced to sign
The Magna Carta or Great Charter
It was intended to limit the king’s
power and give more power to the
Nobles. But,
The commoners would later argue
That it guaranteed everyone the
following rights:

10. No taxation without representation
A jury trial
Protection of the law

11. The Magna Carta would later lead to
the evolution of Parliament –
Comprised of two houses—the House
Of Lords and the House of Commons.

12. FRANCE
By 1000 CE, France was divided into about 30 feudal territories

13. Hugh Capet – established the French
throne in Paris and his dynasty gradually
expanded their control over most of
France.
This began the Capetian dynasty

14. The Hundred Years’ War
When the last Capetians died, disputes between England and France and claims to the French throne led to war.
England and
France fought
for over 100
Years! Known
as the 100
Years’ war.

15. Joan of Arc Would lead French Troops at the Battle of Orleans,
was captured by the
English, tried
as a heretic and
burned at the stake.
She unified France
The war finally ended in 1453 –
France won and England was left with only Calais

16. both countries gained a sense
Impact of the Hundred Years’ War
Exhausted the treasuries,
Destroyed the landscape of France
And cost lives but
Citizens in
both countries gained a sense
of national identity.
Commoners became loyal to the kings
Of England and France
rather than their feudal lords.

17. Spain Was Muslim until 1212 The Christian “reconquista” began
in Tolosa and later spread to
Cordoba and Seville.
Christian Troops expelled the
Muslim troops but allowed the
Citizens to enjoy their religion
Spanish Empire in the Western
Hemisphere expanded under
Philip II.

18. Much of Muslim architecture and
Moorish culture has been preserved
in Spain.

19. Ferdinand and Isabella would later expel all Moors (Muslims) in 1492.
The Inquisition was an effort by the
Roman Catholic Church to torture
heretics into confessing their guilt.
The Spanish Empire expanded in the
Western Hemispere expanded under
Charles V.

20. Russia

21. Ivan III (Ivan The Great)
Russia
Becomes an Empire – between
Ivan III (Ivan The Great)
Repelled the Mongols
Centralized power in Moscow (the
Third Rome)
expanded the Russian nation.
Became a Tsar and centralized
Power to the Tsar
The orthodox church influenced
Unification.

22. Picture Bibliography