THE COLD WAR. What is More Important? Equality Freedom Should we all share the same grade? Should all students be given different grades?

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Presentation transcript:

THE COLD WAR

What is More Important? Equality Freedom Should we all share the same grade? Should all students be given different grades?

The Scene Following WWII, the world needed to be rebuilt. The two nations that performed this task were the United States and the Soviet Union. They became known as the two SUPERPOWERS.

TWO NATIONS United States: Political System: Democracy Economic System: Free Enterprise, Market, Capitalist. Soviet Union Political System: Single Party Rule Economic System: Communism

COMMUNIST THREAT ABROAD Iron Curtain: This phrase referred to the division between Democratic West Europe and Communist East Europe.

Soviet Aggression East Europe: Countries were forced to have Communist governments by the USSR. Turkey and Greece: The Soviet Union threatened to force Turkey and Greece into Communism.

Truman Doctrine Truman Doctrine: Truman declared that the United States would support any nation resisting a Communist takeover. Containment: The belief that Communism should be contained and not allowed to spread.

Rival Plans Marshall Plan: This gave money to nations in Europe to rebuild their economies. Over 13 billion dollars in aid was provided. Molotov Plan: The Soviet plan to help Eastern European nations recover.

Rival Teams NATO: (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) An Alliance between Western democracies to protect against and attack from the Soviet Union. Warsaw Pact: An Alliance between Communist Eastern European countries designed for protection.

Berlin Trouble Berlin Blockade: In June 1948 the Soviet Union cut off access to West Berlin. Berlin Airlift: The US airlifted 2.5 millions tons of supplies into Berlin to keep the city functioning. Berlin Wall: In 1961 the East German Army built a wall separating East and West Berlin. deconstructed#berlin-wall-deconstructedhttp:// deconstructed#berlin-wall-deconstructed

Cracking the Whip Feb. 1948: Czechoslovakia becomes Communist under threat of Soviet invasion. Oct. 1956: Hungary attempted to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact but the Soviet Union crushed the “rebellion”.

Asian Issues China: In 1949 Mao’s Communists took over China. Korean War: In 1950, Communist North Korea invaded South Korea. Ambush: The UN forces pushed the North up to the Chinese border where Chinese soldiers entered the fight. Stalemate: In 1953, both sides agreed to a cease-fire and the nation remains divided to this day.

istory/koreanwar/ istory/koreanwar/ war/videos#truman-sacks-general- macarthur

Red Scare Red Scare: During the 1950’s many in the government became worried about Soviet spies. McCarthyism: Term for the wild accusations of communists by Senator Eugene McCarthy.

What’s the Big Deal? Soviets Get the Bomb: In September 1949, the Soviet Union tested their own atomic bomb before it was thought possible. Sputnik: A Soviet satellite launched in 1957.

Arms Race Arms Race: Both nations sought to build up their nuclear arsenal to gain an advantage. Mutually Assured Destruction: The build- up of nuclear weapons meant war between the US and the USSR would destroy both nations.

Real Consequences Rosenberg Trial: Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were accused of stealing atomic secrets and sentenced to die. Soviet Spies: Many Soviet spies operated in the United States. The Communist Party was directly tied to the Soviet Union.

Legal Anti-Communism Taft-Hawley Act: This act limited the power of unions and outlawed “closed shops”. Other Laws: Many were forced to swear allegiance to the United States in order to keep their jobs.