1. The Cold War

3. Yalta Vs Potsdam
February 1945 Yalta Conference: dealt mainly with the settlement of post-war Europe after WWII.
Leaders: Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill - the Big Three.
Location: Southern Soviet Union.

4. Agreement
Germany to be divided into 4 zones, as would Berlin (GB, Fr, USA & USSR).
Poland to gain land from Germany, but lose some to USSR.
USSR guarantees free elections for Eastern Europe. For example Poland

5. Changes On April 12 1945 Roosevelt died.
Roosevelt was replaced by Truman. He was openly anti-Communist, would 'get tough with the Russians'.
During the Potsdam conference, Churchill lost an election and was replaced. Replaced by Attlee

6. YALTA (in the USSR)
Date: Feb 1945
Present: Churchill,
Roosevelt and Stalin

7. Yalta Vs Potsdam
July-August 1945 Potsdam completing tasks set at the Yalta Conference
Germany had been defeated.
Leaders: Change in the Big Three Disagreements between sides the beginnings of the Cold War.
Location: Germany outside of Berlin.

8. Agreement
Plans for division of Germany agreed, Germany to pay reparations (USSR), war criminals to be tried, and United Nations set up.
Truman demanded USSR hold free elections for Eastern Europe.
Stalin angry because Truman didn't mention atomic bomb which Stalin secretly knew about.

9. POTSDAM (Germany)
Date: July 1945
Present: Churchill,
Truman and Stalin

10. Iron Curtain
One year later Stalin set up the Iron Curtain (Metaphor not a real curtain). Coined by Winston Churchill
Border between East and West Europe - Stalin took control of Eastern Europe to act as a buffer zone to any future invasion from the West. These countries were satellite nations

11. Divided Germany Iron Curtain – A term used by Winston Churchill
to describe the
separating of
Those communist
lands of East
Europe from the
West.
Divided Germany

12. Divided Berlin Berlin Blockade
The Russians wanted to capture Berlin in May Stalin closed all routes to Berlin. To avoid war the U.S. and others dropped supplies for a year to help Berlin and go over Russia = Berlin Airlift ended in 1949

13. U.S. President Truman
Truman wanted to stand up to the Soviet Union The Truman Doctrine in March 1947 the USA “would support free peoples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”.
Example helping Greece and Turkey fight off the Soviet Union
The end of “isolationism” policies and begins policy of “containment”

14. Marshall Plan
The US offered huge sums of money to help European countries to rebuild and to reject the appeal of Communism.

15. Alliances
United Nations (UN) was created for peace but tension grew quickly
United States, Canada, and Western Europe created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) protect if attacked
Soviet Union created Warsaw Pact

16. Task Draw a Map of Europe after WWII use page 532 Label countries
Create a key for:
Communist countries
Non- Communist countries
Iron Curtain

17. The End!

18. Dwight Eisenhower Dwight D. Eisenhower obtained a truce in Korea
Issued Eisenhower Doctrine.
"America is today the strongest, most influential, and most productive nation in the world.“
Willing to bring the U.S. on the verge of war = Brinkmanship
                                                       
U.S. President from

19. Improve your knowledge
The “Red Scare”, launched by Senator Joe McCarthy, dominated the US for years
Panic in the U.S. society also known as McCarthyism = accusing citizens of being communist with no proof.
Truman began the Loyalty Review Board investigate employees
Also set up the House Un American Activities Committee (HUAC) – investigated Hollywood
10 witnesses refused to testify = Hollywood 10

20. Spies Former State official Alger Hiss accused of being a spy
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg found guilty of Espionage and sentenced to death

21. Improve your knowledge
The nuclear bomb gave America power expected to last at least 5 years. The rapid Russian development of nuclear technology, was a shock. Russia went to Asia in August 1945 to stake out a position. This helped make both the Korean and Vietnamese conflicts more likely.