1. The beginning of cold war
Chapter 29.1
The beginning of cold war

2. The Problems of Peace Occupying Germany
At the Postdam Conferences Allied powers decided how to divide up Germany
The agreed on a temporary division of Germany into four zones to be ruled by the separate Allied powers
They divided up the capital of Berlin into West and East
They came up with a plan to rid Germany of any Nazi party beliefs and actions
The Nuremberg trails- allied military courts tried more than 200 Nazi and military officials for their war crimes.
They agreed on a plan for Germany to pay reparations for the destruction they caused in the war.
In German currency, and industrial equipment
USSR got the most

3. The Problem of Peace Eastern Europe
The Allied powers had a harder time deciding what to do with Eastern Europe
The USSR occupied much of eastern Europe
Stalin argued that they needed friendly government’s in eastern Europe to become a buffer if western Europe ever attacked again
Stalin promised to respect the governments in those eastern European countries
The US and GB believed Stalin wanted to start pro-communist gov’ts in these countries
Tensions began to rise

4. The Conflict Worsens The Struggle Begins
Soon the US and the USSR entered an era of tension and hostility which became known as the Cold War
Cold War was between communism and capitalist democracy
Stalin began to set up communist governments throughout Eastern Europe
By force they began pro-soviet communist
All but Yugoslavia even though they had a communist dictator
Stalin failed to pull his troops out of Northen Iran, which he had occupied during WWII
In Feb 1946 Stalin said a war with the west was inevitable
Churchill then referred to the division between the East and the West as Iron Curtain

5. The Conflicts Worsens The West Resists
Soviet-backed Communists were threatening the gov’t of Greece and Turkey
President Truman announced his plan the Truman Doctrine which pledged to provide economic and military aid to oppose the spread of communism.
The US Congress sent hundred of millions of dollars to Greece and Turkey to help them fight the USSR
Most of Europe was in economic turmoil because of the war.
Truman enacted the Marshall plan which gave 13 billion dollars to help rebuild Europe.
This was done in hopes that people would not turn to communism
The plan helped Europe make a rapid recovery economically and politically
The Marshall Plan and the Truman Doctrine demonstrated the West’s commitment to containment

6. Cold War Confrontations
Crisis in Berlin
The occupation of Germany was meant to be temporary
By 1947 The US, GB and France decided to take their sections of Germany and form the nation of Germany
They planned to set up a democratic gov’t.
They also wanted to do this on their side of Berlin, which was in the heart of Soviet territory in Germany
The USSR was very opposed to this
In June 1948 The USSR cut of land, rail, and water routes to Berlin
The 2 million Berlin residents were no longer allowed to import good that they needed
The USSR did this in hope the West would pull out of Berlin
The West began airlifting goods into Berlin. Every 30 seconds a cargo plane was taking off or landing in Berlin
The Berlin airlifts were successful and The USSR called off the blockade in May 1949

7. Cold War Confrontations
New Nations and Alliances
After the crisis Western Germany formed the Federal Republic of West Germany (or West Germany) and The USSR and the Eastern zone formed the German democratic Republic (or East Germany)
During the Berlin Crisis two alliances were formed
NATO- National Atlantic Treaty Organizations to counter act the spread of communism
US, Canada, and most of Western Europe
Warsaw Pact- The Soviet Union and other Communist Eastern European countries.
USSR, and communist nations in Eastern Europe,

8. Cold War Confrontations
War in Korea
After the Japanese surrendered at the end of WWII the Allied powers gained Korea
The USSR and The United States divided the country temporarily
North-USSR
South- US
The Soviets soon established s communist gov’t in the North and The US supported a non-communist regime in the South
North Korea attacked South Korea wanting to unite Korea under one communist gov’t
The US wanted to stop the spread of communism and called on the UN for help
Asked the UN to allow them to use force to stop the spread of communism
The UN formed a military made up of 17 nations went in to defend South Korea
Most of the troops were American

9. War in Korea (Continued)
At first The North Koreans almost conquered South Korea
Once General MacArthur led the troops in the South they pushed the North Koreans back into the North
They pushed them deep into North Korea by the Chinese border
They thought they would soon win the war
However Communist Chinese forces helped the North Koreas and pushed the UN forces back into South Korea
By 1951 the war settled into a stalemate
The lines between North and South Korea lay just about the same place as they did before the invasion of North Korea
In 1953 the two sides agreed to an armistice- seize fire
4 million casualties
The 38th Parallel is still recognized as a demilitarized zone marking the division between North and South Korea.
Nothing changed after the war North Korea remained a communist state and South Korea was an ally with the West.