1. THE COLD WAR HEATS UP Unit 11 – Topic 2

2. Agenda W 4/13 A – Th 4/14 B  Take a handout of today’s notes, the Marshall Plan handout, and the Korean War handout.  Get out your warmup from last class. Complete the other side of the warmup on Containment now.  We’ll be doing notes and clips today, from The Century: America’s Time, the Best YearsAmerica’s Time, the Best Years

3.  Play clip from “Best Years” from 1:00 – 3:37.  Answer 1 st question on notes page.

4. Origins of the Cold War (recap)  The Cold War lasted from the end of World War II until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1990.  Cold War: competition between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) for power; both tried to influence Europe & the world  Review: Why did the US and the USSR go from being allies to being rivals? (Think-pair-share)

5. US and the USSR had different ideals and values. United StatesSoviet Union Political system Democratic governmentTotalitarian government Economic system Capitalism (Free market) Capitalism: economic system in which the factors of production are owned individually; different social classes exist Communist (socialist) Communism: economic system in government makes all economic decisions; no private property Why were they angry with each other? 1. US disliked/feared Communism 2. USSR dropped out of First World War 3. USSR signed a pact with Hitler 1.Allies waited to invade Germany in World War II 2.Took the US 17 years to recognize the Soviet government 3.USSR not invited to Peace Conferences in World War I 4.US did not tell the Soviets about the atomic bomb

6. Cold War Beginnings  Containment:  Keep communism in the areas where it already exists, do not allow communism to spread  Truman Doctrine (1947) - support democracies in Europe to help contain communism  Starts in Turkey and Greece – US provides $400 million in economic and military aid to Turkey and Greece  1947-1950: $660 million to European countries! Play from 13:15-19:24

7. More Events of the Cold War  Marshall Plan (April 1948):  US gives $$$ to European Countries to help them recover from WWII and to keep communism out  Humanitarian, economic and political goals….  Then later in1948, Stalin ordered a blockade of West Berlin (inside Soviet-controlled East Germany) -- all supplies were cut off. Play from 19:24 – 26:40

8. Berlin Airlift (1948-1949)  U.S. and Great Britain flew food and supplies into West Berlin to break the blockade for 11 months!  Also called “Operation Vittles”

9. What was the response to tension?  Development of Competing Alliances  Europe is divided in a military standoff – Cold War NATO (1949) North Atlantic Treaty Org. The Warsaw Pact (1955) US & Western Europe promise common defense If one is attacked, all are attacked USSR & Eastern Europe promised common defense

10. USSR exploded a nuclear bomb (1949)  US is not the only one with the bomb  New threat of a nuclear war that would destroy both countries  Play 26:40 – 27:50 How do you think the USSR built a bomb so quickly? How did America react?

11. China became Communist (1949)  Civil war between Mao Zedong (Communist) and Chiang Kai-Shek (capitalists/nationalists). The capitalist Chinese flee to Taiwan  Mao’s Communist takeover increases American fears of communist domination of the world but …  China and the Soviet Union became rivals, not allies.  In the 1970's, Pres. Nixon’s diplomatic mission to Beijing took advantage this division of the major communist powers

12. The Korean War  North Korea (Communist) invaded South Korea (Capitalist) (1950)  Why did the US get involved? – to contain communism  American troops (in a United Nations force) counterattacked deep into North Korea  Chinese troops entered on the side of North Korea  Could have become World War III  Eventually ended with a stalemate and a divided N/S Korea Play from 27:57 – 31:50

13. Classwork (HW if you don’t finish)  If you still have time in class, complete the Korean War reading and answer the questions on the back. This will help you understand this “forgotten” war.  Also read the Marshall Plan worksheet: read and answer the questions on the back.  If you don’t finish these in class, they are both homework.