The American Civil War Created by Mrs. DeLuna

Secession-southern states leave the Union The Confederate States of America (The Confederacy) The United States of America (The Union)

Choosing Sides – pg. 482 The Union President – Abraham Lincoln Capital – Washington, D.C. 24 states The border states had slaves, but they stayed with the Union The Confederacy President - Jefferson Davis Capital – Richmond, Virginia 11 states

Fort Sumter-pg 481 Southern states took over most of the federal forts inside their borders, including Ft. Sumter. Union soldiers at Ft Sumter were running out of supplies. Lincoln sent supply ships to restock the fort. The Confederacy attacked the supply ships and opened fire on the fort. The Union side surrendered and this started the war.

Military Leaders Union Leader: Ulysses S. Grant (the Union had many different leaders before Grant came in). Grant’s victories followed many failed generals Confederate Leader: Robert E. Lee (talented military leader) Respected by both sides Refused to fight against Virginia Won many early victories.

Strengths, Weaknesses-pg Tree Map Activity The Union: 22 million people More factories More railroad tracks More naval power and shipyards President Lincoln-great leader Had to fight an offensive war (had to travel South) Developed the Anaconda Plan (to surround and squeeze the South) They planned to gain control of the Mississippi The Confederacy: 9 million people (3.5 million were slaves) Talented general (Robert E. Lee) Was able to fight a defensive war (could stay in South and defend itself) Expected Europe to help them, but Europe stayed out.

Technology-pg. 491 Rifle and minie ball- rifles that shot farther and more accurately. The minie ball caused more damage. Ironclads – warships covered with iron. Videos and Summaries Submarines Minie Ball

Major Battles / Events Following are the major battles and events of the Civil War Battles Timeline

The First Battle of Bull Run play video play video Victory to the Confederates The Victory thrills the South. The North is surprised. They realize that winning will not be easy. Lincoln expands his army.

Shiloh play video play video Victory to the Union Grant (a Union general) has victories in the West. Grant followed retreating Confederates. Fresh troops arrive and the South retreats. Grant becomes popular.

The Fall of New Orleans Read pg 495 Victory to the Union The Union controls most of the Mississippi River. This would divide the Confederacy and help to complete the Anaconda plan.

Bloody Antietam play video/ Read pg. 497 play video Victory to the Union Lee (Confederacy) invades the North fighting in Maryland. Lee’s army retreats. McClellan (Union) lets him slip away. Lincoln fires McClellan.

The Emancipation Proclamation play video play video Lincoln freed the slaves in the Confederacy to weaken the South. This changed the purpose of war. After this the war would be about freedom for the slaves. Few slaves were actually freed, but the idea made abolitionists happy anyway.

54 th Massachusetts play video/ pg 506 play video This was the first African American regiment in the North. They lead a heroic attack on Fort Wagner. Their bravery made them famous and increased African American enlistment.

Union Generals after McClellan McClellan – fired after Antietam Burnside – fired after Fredericksburg Hooker – fired just before Gettysburg Meade – general at Gettysburg Grant – after Vicksburg – you’re hired!

Gettysburg play video play video Victory to the Union Lee invades the North again Pickett’s Charge fails Lee retreats Lee will not invade the North again This is a turning point Pg Battle of Gettysburg (more videos) Battle of Gettysburg

The Gettysburg Address play video / pg. 524play video The battlefield of Gettysburg was declared a national cemetery. President Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address at the dedication ceremony. Gettysburg Address (text) Gettysburg Address Gettysburg Address (video) Gettysburg Address

Vicksburg pg 516 Victory to Union The Union gains control of the entire Mississippi River President Lincoln chooses Ulysses S. Grant to command the Union army.

Sherman’s Total War Sherman’s March to the Sea pg. 516 and video (Ken Burns) Victory to the Union General Sherman marched from Tennessee to the sea destroying everything in the path. Union soldiers destroyed train tracks, burned crops, and burned down towns. Pg history book Sherman’s March List of videos and interactive media List of videos and interactive media Eyewitness

Grant’s Virginia Campaign pg. 518 Victory to the Union Grant’s army and Lee’s army fought a series of battles in Virginia. Grant captures the South’s capital of Richmond, Virginia.

Appomattox-The War is Over The South Surrenders Lee surrenders to Grant in Virginia Grant offers generous terms: Rebels can return home in peace The goal is to unify again. Pg. 519 history book Surrender (video)

Effects of the War Analyze the effects of the war for the North and the South. Create a Venn Diagram as you compare and contrast the similarities and differences for the North and South. Use pg Eyewitness Abraham Lincoln

Additional Resources Photos Videos Images Timeline Interactive Timeline Online Quiz Frederick Douglass Civil War Songs Robert E. Lee Ulysses S. Grant