1. Chapter 16.1 and 16.2
American Civil War

2. The War Begins Fort Sumner: Charleston, South Carolina
Major Robert Anderson (North Leader) was in charge of the fort
Lincoln had to decide what to do with the federal fort
Lincoln decided supply ships to the fort
Confederacy attacked the ships until Anderson was forced to surrender. No one was killed.

3. Border States Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware.
What are they Important to either side?

4. Strengths of the North Union had advantages in manpower and resources.
Larger Population in the North then the South
Had more railroads and factories too
Lincoln was their greatest asset. United the North into believing they should preserve the Union.

5. Strengths of the South
While the North had Lincoln, the South had Robert E. Lee as a general
Fought from the defensive stand point
Northern supply lines would have to travel farther.

6. North Strategy Wanted to bring the South back into the Union.
General Winfield Scott came up with the Anaconda Plan.
The plan was to smother the south’s economy like a giant anaconda.
Formed a blockade along the Southern coast to block goods.

7. Southern Strategy Southern states were on the defensive.
Jefferson Davis wanted the South to be Independent and hoped the North would tire out and surrender.
Depended on King Cotton to win support from foreign countries.
Hoped other countries would help them because they knew how important cotton was.
Eventually went onto the offensive, instead of the defensive.

8. Battle of Bull Run
July 21, 1861
The Union Army attack on the Confederate Capital of Richmond, Virginia.
North General: General Irvin McDowell
South Generals: General Pierre Beauregard and General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Outcome: South defeated the North. Lincoln had underestimated the South.

9. 16.2 Life in the Army Who Fought: Between the age of 18 to 30
Majority were farmers
Made mostly of Americans with different regiments of immigrants.
African Americans wanted to fight but were not allowed to at first.

10. Training Soldiers Camped in tents Formed companies and elected leaders
Given guns and uniforms.
Ran drills for training

11. Hardships of the Army
Not enough shoes or uniforms for all the soldiers
Unsanitary camps
Poor hygiene for the troops
Poor hygiene leads to disease for soldiers

12. Today’s Objectives Discuss Major Battles of the Early Civil War
Identify important people during the War.

13. New Weapons
Iron clad warships: Ships covered with iron to protect them from cannon balls.
Union: Monitor
Confederate: Merimcack or Virginia
Rifle: gave bullets the ability to spin and travel farther.
Minie Ball: Bullet with a hollow base. Could travel farther then muskets.

15. Note Quiz Who was the President of the Confederacy?
Who won the Battle of Bull Run?
Name the North Ironclad ship
Name the South Ironclad ship
Who was in charge of Fort Sumter?

16. 16.3 Union Victories Union Victories: Lead by General Ulysses S. Grant
Fort Henry in Tennessee
Fort Donelson, North of Henry
Gives the North a direct River route to Alabama
The two river fort victories leads to the Battle of Shiloh

17. The Battle of Shiloh April 6th, 1862
Battle took place in the south of Tennessee
Union Leader: Grant
Confederate Leader: Albert S. Johnston (killed in battle)
Fierce battle that would end up being won by the North. Heavy rain lead to a flood.
North Casualties: 13,000
South Casualties: 11,000

18. Fall of New Orleans Spring of 1862
Union leader: David Farragut lead the Union ships through cannon fire and burning rafts
The goal of taking New Orleans was to cut the Confederacy in half.

19. Southern Victories
Robert E. Lee commanded the Eastern Confederate army against George McClellan of the North.
The two fought in the Seven Days’ Battles near Richmond
Lee defeat McClellan and forced him to retreat.
Lee fought the Union in the second Battle of Bull Run
Lee moved in up into the North

20. The Battle of Antietam
Lee made his way into Maryland, a northern territory.
McClellan found Lee’s plans for his campaign.
McClellan and Lee fought at Antietam Creek near Sharpsburg, Maryland.
A combined 25,000 troops were killed or injured.
McClellan did not follow Lee to finish him off. Lincoln fired him for this decision.