1. Unit 1 Section 2

3. UNIONCONFEDERACY 1. Population of 22 Million 2. Many steel mills and factories for producing war supplies 3. 70% of the Nation’s railroads and telegraph lines 1. Population of 6 Million 2. extremely strong military leaders 3. Nearly no factories to make needed war supplies 4. Limited transportation

4.  The Anaconda Plan 1. Naval blockade of Southern sea ports 2. Take control of the Mississippi River to split the Confederacy in half.

5.  Fight a defensive war The only thing that the South had to do to “win” the war, was to the defend the land that they already held. Make the North come down and fight on Southern territory

6.  July 21, 1861 - The First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas, VA) The Union tried to end the war quickly by marching down into Virginia to try and capture the Confederate Capitol (Richmond, VA)  Most people thought that the Confederacy would be quickly crushed by the Union Army, but the Confederacy shocked the Union with a victory in the first battle.

7.  Antietam (Sharpsburg, Maryland) Confederate General Robert E. Lee abandoned the South’s original battle plan of fighting a defensive war, and attacked Northern territory.  The Confederacy was repelled by the Union and forced to retreat back into the South.  Antietam is called “The Bloodiest Battle of the Civil War” because of how many people died in such a short amount of time.

9.  After the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation Proclaimed that all slaves in rebellious states were now free.  Only effective as long as the rebellion lasted.

10. 1. African Americans began to enlist in the Union Army 2. It gave the Union Army a moral reason for fighting the war. 3. It hurt the Confederate economy by creating chaos on many southern plantation

11.  July 1-3, 1863 (Gettysburg, Pennsylvania) Lee tried to attack the North again, and was repelled again.  Gettysburg was considered the turning point of the war: The Confederate Army was devastated The Union Army was on the offensive for the rest of the war

13.  November 19, 1863 President Lincoln returned to the battle site to dedicate the cemetery to those who had died there Lincoln reiterated that ALL people had a stake in the future of our nation, and that the the North would not surrender, and would fight until they won the war.

14.  July 4, 1863 - General Ulysses S. Grant defeats the Confederates and takes the city of Vicksburg, Mississippi The victory at Vicksburg gave the Union complete control over the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in half.

15.  After the successful Siege of Vicksburg President Lincoln gave Ulysses S. Grant complete control of the Union Army.

16.  General William Sherman (Union) Launched a total war campaign against Georgia  March across Georgia (from Atlanta to Savannah) and burned everything in his way.  Destroyed everything  Stole from the citizens

18.  April 3, 1865 The Union forces capture the confederate capital of Richmond.

19.  April 9 General Lee (Confederate) and General Grant (Union) meet at Appomattox Courthouse for the official surrender of the Confederate Army.

20.  April 14, 1865 (Just 5 days after the end of the war) Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, while at a play at Ford’s Theatre.

21.  The power of the federal (United States) government was increased  The South was completely destroyed, the Northern economy grew richer.  The 13 th Amendment to the constitution was passed, and banned slavery in the U.S. once and for all.