APUSH – April 24  Objectives:  To refamiliarize yourself with the major courts and court cases in American History  Homework:  Study  Agenda:  What you guys said you needed to study  Supreme Court Cases  Colonial Info

Look at the list on the next slide  Which topics apply to you – as in, you need more study time  Which don’t  We will compile a list of what topics I need to go over with the class, as we will not have time for me to do all of them

Questions 1. 1 st Era (Colonial 3) 2. Forgettable Presidents 3. Gilded Age (2) 4. Acts 5. Wars with Mexico 6. Major Defining Battles 7. Embargos/Tariffs (2) 8. Authors 9. Economics (Acts/Gold Standard 3) 10. Madison to Polk 11. Religious Movements 12. Reconstruction (3) 13. Teddy R 14. Progressives (2) 15. New Deal 16. Antebellum 17. Political Parties (3) 18. Presidents (2) 19. Civil War 20. Manifest Destiny 21. Major Battles (2)

Studying  Take notes on the slides  What do you know – off the top of your head  What do you need to know more about  Use your textbook/internet resources to master each of the topics brought up in this PowerPoint

Supreme Court Cases

Marshal Court   Marbury v. Madison (1803)  Fletcher v. Peck (1810)  McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)  Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)  Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)  Johnson v. McIntosh (1823)  Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)  Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

Taney Court   Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837)  Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)  Scott v. Sanford (1857)

Fuller Court  1888 to 1910  Civil Rights Cases of 1883  Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific Railway Co. v. Illinois (1886)  Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad Co. v. Minnesota (1890)  Pollock v. The Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co. (1895)  U. S. v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895)  Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)  "Insular Cases" / Downes v. Bidwell (1901).  Northern Securities Co. v. U. S. (1904)  Lochner v. New York (1905)  Muller v. Oregon (1908)

Warren Court   Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954)  Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)  Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)  Griswold v. Connecticut (1965, not on review sheet): Right to Privacy (contraceptives)  Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

CIVIL RIGHTS CASES Dred Scott – 1857 A negro slave was not a citizen and could not sue for his freedom. Slaves were property who could by taken anywhere in U.S. Helped bring on Civil War Plessy v. Ferguson – 1896 Segregation does not violate the 14 th amendment as long as facilities are equal. Made Jim Crow laws constitutional. Brown v. Board of Education – 1954 Segregated schools are illegal and violate the 14 th amendment. In 1955 further decided this decision should be implemented with all deliberate speed. Bakke Case – 1979 In medical school students cannot be admitted by quota but race can be considered for admission. Important for reverse discrimination.

GOVERNMENT AND RIGHTS Marbury v. Madison – 1803 Chief Justice Marshall established “Judicial Review”. The Supreme Court may decide whether a law is unconstitutional. Baker v. Carr – 1962 Legislative districts must represent equal numbers of voters. Reduced the rural vote. 1 man 1 vote. Engel v. Vitale – 1962 Regents Prayer is unconstitutional even if it is nondenominational Gideon v. Wainwright – 1963 Accused have a right to a lawyer in all felony cases. Miranda v. Arizona – 1966 Before questioning, police must inform suspect of his right to remain silent, and have a lawyer. Gannett Case – 1976 Judge can restrict press coverage of pretrial hearings. Limits freedom of the press.

LABOR AND BUSINESS Dartmouth College, 1819 States cannot Impair contract, Supported property rights Wabash v. Illinois, 1886 State laws regulating RR were unconstitutional as RR is interstate commerce. Under cut control of big business Schechter v. U.S., 1935 NRA was unconstitutional. Regulated interstate commerce under cut New Deal Youngstown Steel v. Sawyer, 1952 Truman could not order seizure of steel plant to avoid production stoppage due to strike during the Korean War. Limited presidential power.

Chapters 1-3 Pre-Colonial/Colonial Review

Chapter 1  First discoverers of America  Most came by land  Incas, Mayans, Aztecs  Aztecs had a sophisticated society  Hunters and gathers  agriculture  Pueblos  Three sisters farming technique  Iroquois  The Constitution

 Indirect discovers of the New World  L’Anse aux Meadows Newfoundland  Christian Crusaders  Europeans enter Africa  Marco Polo  Portuguese Modern plantation system  Bartholomeu Dias  Vasco De Gama

 Columbus Comes Upon a New World  Columbus was Italian but worked for Spain  Europe = markets, capital, tech  Africa = labor  New World = raw materials, precious metals, soil  When Worlds Collide  New animals and food  Populations died  The Spanish conquistadors  Gold and Silver  Treaty of Tordesillas  Vasco Nunez Balhoa  Ferdinand Magellan  Juan Ponce De Leon  Francisco Coronada  Hernando De Soto  Francisco Pizzaro  Potosi

Encomienda  The spread of Spanish America  John Cabot  Giovanni da Verrazaro  Jaques Carter  Don Jone De Onate  Popes Rebellion  Robert De La Salle  Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo  Father Junipero Serra

Chapter 2  Elizabeth Energizes England  Newfoundland Sir Humphrey Gilbert  Roanoke Sir Walter Raleigh  New World = English colonial empire  England on the Eve of Empire  Reasons for colonization

Colonies  Virginia - Jamestown – 1607  London Co Charter  Purpose: Gold  No intention to stay  Tobacco plantation colony  Massachusetts– Plymouth – 1620  Mayflower Compact  Religious “freedom”  New Hampshire – 1623  Started off as a proprietary colony  Ended up being a royal colony

 New Jersey – 1623  Settled by the Dutch New Netherlands  Started as a proprietary colony Granted a royal charter  New York – 1624  Dutch settlement - New Amsterdam (Modern New York) purchased from the Indians  Brits took over in 1674 “New York”  Started as proprietary ended up Royal  Maryland – 1633  Southern colony  Lord Baltimore Profit Catholic Haven  Tobacco  Act of Toleration

 Rhode Island – 1636  Roger Williams Driven from Salem  New England Colony Complete religious freedom  Connecticut – 1636  Thomas Hooker  John Winthrop  Fundamental Orders

 Delaware – 1638  Swedish settlers Brought log cabin to US  Dutch took over  English took over William Penn  Became independent in 1701 Elected own assembly  North Carolina 1653  Buffer between VA and southern frontier  Received royal charter in 1729

 South Carolina – 1663  Originally part of the Virginia Charter  Crown took over because of internal issues  Pennsylvania – 1682  Colonial status sealed to William Penn Quakers  Philadelphia Well planned city  Georgia – 1732 James Ogelthrorpe Provide second chance for underclass Protection for the colonies