Introduction to the Colonies 7th Grade American History

The New England Colonies 1. Massachusetts (Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay) 2. Connecticut 3. New Hampshire 4. Rhode Island

The New England Colonies Culture: Lived in organized towns Center of town was a meeting house Everyone should read so that they could read the Bible! Education was very important Geography: Cold weather Harsh Climate and poor soil Harbors/ sea ports on the water for trade Economy: Very Diverse- lots of different ways to make money! Everyone was required to work (men, women and children) Farming was main economic activity Other important economic activities: mills, fishermen, or shipbuilders because of the plentiful forests and timber available

New England Colonies Important Figures and Groups: Religious Freedom in Massachusetts: Protestants ( followers of the Anglican Church) Massachusetts Bay: Puritans wanted to change or reform the church; followed the pilgrims… Plymouth: Pilgrims wanted to break away from it altogether and form a new church Their ship was called the Mayflower Their leader was William Bradford John Winthrop Anne Hutchinson Squanto and Samoset

The Middle Colonies New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware

The Middle Colonies Geography Had better soil and milder climate than the New England colonies They grew large quantities of crops known as cash crops. Culture Many ethnic groups and many religious groups Religious freedom was VERY important to them Education was respected but not a priority Economy Cash crops are crops that could be sold in all colonies and overseas. Diversity in jobs (carpentry, flour making, lumber, & mining.)

The Middle Colonies Important Figures and People William Penn- given land by King Charles and called his land Pennsylvania The Dutch- New Amsterdam (aka New York) The Quakers- Religious group in Pennsylvania.

The Middle Colonies William Penn belonged to a Protestant group called the Society of Friends, or Quakers. The Quakers believed that people had an “inner light” and that everyone was equal in God’s eyes The Quakers were tolerant of the views of others religions. William Penn personally designed Philadelphia, the “city of brotherly love,” based on the Quakers beliefs.

The Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia South Carolina North Carolina Georgia

The Southern Colonies Geography: Economy Rich soil and warm climate made the southern colonies perfect for farming. Tobacco, indigo, and rice Economy Limited economy that was based on agriculture and had no need for commerce or industry Main cash crops were tobacco and rice Indentured Servants

The Southern Colonies Culture: Important Figures: Two main social classes: the rich upper class and the lower class. Limited education with out many schools Important Figures: John Smith Pocahontas John Rolfe Catholics

Monday, August 25

Do NOW! Go directly to your seat, take out your binder, and open to the Bellringer sention.

What do you think is happening in the picture? How would you describe the emotions seen in the picture? Come up with one sentence you would use as a caption for this picture.

Establishing a Colony Colonists were still ruled by England For each colony, the King of England issued a charter A charter was a formal document that outlined the geographic boundaries for each colony and specified how they would be governed Distance made direct rule difficult

Rights of the Colonists As time went on, colonies gained more freedoms Each colony was ruled by a governor in America, some even elected Colonists held town meetings to talk about and decide local issues of interest English monarch, King James II, passed laws to unite New England colonies under one dominion and limit the powers of the colonists; very unpopular! King James II replaced! English Bill of Rights passed in 1689 Colonial courts established to rule people and protect personal freedoms

English Trade Triangular trade England valued colonies as a source of trade. England practiced Mercantilism A system of creating and maintaining wealth through carefully controlled trade English control angered some colonists Triangular trade

Navigation Acts England passed series of Navigation Acts to limit colonial trade with other countries Example: the Navigation Act of 1660 Forbade colonists from trading specific items with any country other than England Required colonists to use English ships to transport goods England said they were good for colonies

Quick Quiz

Document Based Questions In the first part of the passage, what are some similarities and differences Smith lists about the Jamestown and England? How did the tone of John Smith’s Tale change after the colonists’ largest ship left Jamestown to sail back to England? According to the passage, how would you describe the relationship between the settlers and the Native Americans? After being elected to rule Jamestown, John Smith made the rule: “He that will not work shall not eat.” What do you think this rule says about life in the colonies at this time?