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SILENTLY… Copy this week’s assignments in your agenda
Get out 1 sheet of paper for notes
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The Southern Colonies
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Why does England want colonies in America?
What do you think they hope to gain? 1st colony: Virginia
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Jamestown? 1st permanent English settlement (1607)
Established by 105 men & boys sent by the London Company (joint-stock company)
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Problems facing Jamestown?
No survival skills (farming, carpentry) Disease-carrying mosquitoes Conflicts with Natives Hunger 2/3 of original colonists died by 1st winter
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John Smith Takes over Jamestown in 1608 Forces people to work harder
Makes peace with Powhatan tribe Success is short-lived….
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Tobacco Saves Jamestown Major cash crop
New blend developed by John Rolfe-married Pocahontas
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Importance of 1619 First slaves arrive in VA House of Burgesses
Elected assembly First republican gov’t in colonies
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Economy? Depends on AGRICULTURE
Tobacco, rice, indigo are grown on plantations leads to reliance on Slave Labor
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Bacon’s Rebellion Small farmers (led by Nathanial Bacon) opposed to taxes and policies towards NA want to take Indian’s land Controlled and burned Jamestown but rebellion ended after Bacon died
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Guided Reading Questions
Sec. 1 & 3 Southern and Middle Colonies
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1. List the remaining southern colonies.
Maryland North Carolina South Carolina Georgia
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2. Why did Cecilius Calvert establish the colony of Maryland?
As a safe-haven for English Catholics
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3. Why was the Religious Toleration Act of 1649 important?
1st law in support of religious freedom in the colonies
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4. Who were the Lord Proprietors of the Carolina Colony?
8 of King Charles II supporters Became known as the Lords Proprietors
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5. Why did the Carolina colony split into North and South Carolina?
Settlements were far apart, making it hard to govern Conflicts with Natives and Pirates
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6. Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?
Place for debtors to get fresh start Goal: small farms, slavery illegal
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7. List the Middle Colonies (4 )
New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware
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8. How do New York and New Jersey become English colonies?
The English took it from the Dutch DUKE OF YORK
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9. Who are Quakers? Religious group
Supported nonviolence and equality of men & women
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10. How did William Penn’s beliefs influence the government in Pennsylvania?
He had limited power Elected assembly Religious freedom to all Christians
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11. How was the economy of the Middle Colonies similar to that of the Southern colonies? How was it different? Both relied on farming South—cash crops on plantations Middle—staple crops like wheat & oats on farms Did not use as many slaves as the South but more than the New England colonies
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12. How were indentured servants different from slaves?
They were eventually given their freedom after a certain number of years. Slaves are slaves for life.
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The New England Colonies
Sec. 2
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New England Colonies Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island
New Hampshire
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Puritans & Pilgrims Puritans—want to change Anglican Church (Church of England) Pilgrims—want to SEPARATE (and form new) from the Anglican Church
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Pilgrims on the Move Pilgrims move to Holland and then…
Sail to America on the Mayflower in 1620 Land on Cape Cod & form Plymouth colony
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Mayflower Compact 41 male passengers sign
Agree to make laws for general good
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Pilgrims & Native Americans?
Friendly with Wampanoag tribe Squanto teaches them to farm 1st Thanksgiving
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
Founded by Puritans under John Winthrop Goal: Create ideal Christian community Includes Plymouth colony
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Role of Religion? Closely linked to gov’t
Religious leaders had LOTS of power Only male church members were allowed to vote Very INTOLERANT of differences! Led to new colonies
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Connecticut—founded by Thomas Hooker
Rhode Island— founded by Roger Williams Anne Hutchison—critic of Puritan leaders Salem Witch Trials
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Economy? NO staple crops because of harsh climate and poor soil
Economy based on TRADE FISHING and SHIPBUILDING were leading industries They also had lots of skilled craftsmen such as blacksmiths, weavers, and printing press workers
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