Introduction to Revolution in Energy and Industry Chapter 22

Industrialization Industrial Revolution refers to the increase in machine-made goods via factories Began in England during the 18th century and quickly spread to North America and the rest of Europe The I.R. began in the textile industry (the industry that makes cloth) Inspired by the Agricultural Rev. Led to the modernization of countries throughout the world

The First to Industrialize

Reasons Why England/Great Britain Industrialized First 1. Abundance of Natural Resources -deposits of coal and iron ore 2. Geographical advantages -good harbors and rivers made foreign trade easier 3. Abundance of labor -new farming techniques and enclosures created unemployment among agricultural workers -many migrated to cities- called urbanization

More Reasons… 4. Capital -a wealthy entrepreneurial class had money to set up new industries/factories 5. Markets -demand from two large markets benefited manufacturing industry -growing middle class -British colonial population -Colonial subjects were forced to buy British made goods 6. Inventions -allowed for mass production -mainly in the textile industry

CAN BELCH & P Climate Avoided Wars Natural Resources Banking System Easier Transportation Labor Colonies Harbors Political Stability

Key Ideas Industrialization leads to economic growth and urbanization *wealth for some, hardship for others *children forced to work in factories *the environment suffers from industrialization

Urbanization Urban = Cities Migration of people to the cities- for jobs Living Conditions no sanitary or building codes Lack of adequate housing, education & police. Lack of running water & indoor plumbing Spread of disease

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